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Journal of Applied Physics

ZnSe-ZnS multiple-quantum-well optical bistable device

Hailong Wang, Xu Liang, Aidong Shen, Yunliang Chen, Jie Cui, Peihua Qiu, Qun Li, Dakui Zhuang, Cheng Zhang, Shaochen Yang, Wenyao Wang

Published Oct 15, 1990• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The characteristics of a Fabry–Perot cavity-type ZnSe-ZnS multiple-quantum-well optical bistable device were measured by using the third harmonic beam of a yttrium aluminum garnet laser as the exciting source. We have obtained an apparent pulse compression effect and a drawn hysteresis loop according to the relation between the incident pulse power and the transmitted power.

DOI
10.1063/1.346183

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The characteristics of a Fabry–Perot cavity-type ZnSe-ZnS multiple-quantum-well optical bistable device were measured by using the third harmonic beam of a yttrium aluminum garnet laser as the exciting source. We have obtained an apparent pulse compression effect and a drawn hysteresis loop according to the relation between the incident pulse power and the transmitted power.
Excitonic optical bistability with nanosecond switching time in ZnSe-ZnS multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity is investigated at room temperature. The research result indicates that the threshold and contrast ratio for the optical bistability in ZnSe-ZnS MQWs with a FP cavity are about 0.2 MW/cm2 and 6:1, respectively. On the basis of the room temperature excitonic absorption spectra obtained here, we attribute the major nonlinear mechanism for the optical bistability to the excitonic saturating absorption due to phase space filling of excitonic states and excitonic band broadening.
Utilizing prism coupling of an argon laser beam into a nonlinear ZnS waveguide we have observed power-dependent optical bistability. We detuned the incidence angle by several linewidths from the optimal low power efficiency case. At this position we observed switching and hysteresis and verified the hysteresis loop to be bistable. The origin of the bistability we tentatively identified as a combination of intensity-dependent absorption and dispersion. Our conditions for bistability were different from those of W. Lukosz et al. in OPTICAL BISTABILITY III (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1986), p. 109.
When the output parameter of an optical device could be a multivalued function of the input parameter, this device can be working in an optical bistable status. The most typical optical bistable device is a Fabry–Perot cavity containing a nonlinear optical medium, the refractive index of which depends on the light intensity. Upon the action of an intense input optical beam, the transmitted (or reflected) intensity of this device may exhibit a nonlinear response to the incident light intensity variation and, especially under appropriate working conditions, the characteristic output/input curve may manifest a single (or multiple) hysteresis loop(s). Such type of optical bistable device can be used as an optical differential amplifier, optical switch, optical limiter, optical clipper, optical discriminator, or an optical memory element, depending on the chosen nonlinear medium and operation conditions.
The optical bistabilities of ZnSe and ZnS interference filters have been studied since 1977 when Karpushko and Sinitsyn reported the first experimental results. We see from papers published that (a) it is appropriate to study and compute optical bistabilities of interference filters by a Fabry-Perot resonator; (b) during the fabrication of bistable optical devices (BOD) the parameters such as incident angles, transmission power, and influence of peak position error on BOD, etc. were not studied in detail; (c) the authors could not resolve the problems of transmission peak height for large absorption materials such as ZnSe. We propose a new method of designing BODs of interference filters to study these problems precisely.