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Optics Letters

Test of fidelity of phase conjugation

Joel Falk

Published Dec 1, 1982• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The fidelity of the phase-conjugate signal produced by degenerate four-wave mixing was evaluated by conjugating and recombining the multiple-beam output from a phase grating. A single output beam resulted. If one or more of the beams emerging from the grating were blocked, additional beams appeared whose relative amplitudes agreed with theory for a perfect phase conjugator.

DOI
10.1364/ol.7.000620

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Journal of the Optical Society of America A•Oct 1, 1984•21 citations
The fidelity of the phase-conjugate signal produced by degenerate four-wave mixing was evaluated by conjugating and recombining the multiple-beam output from a phase grating. A single output beam resulted. If one or more of the beams emerging from the grating were blocked, additional beams appeared whose relative amplitudes agreed with theory for a perfect phase conjugator.
One more promising application of the four-wave mixing process is the correction of arbitrary phase aberrations in an optical beam. In such applications, the fidelity as well as the efficiency of the phase-conjugation process needs to be considered in practice. The process which has received the most extensive attention to date is degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM). The nonlinear interaction in this case is known to result in a perfect phase-conjugate provided high-quality pump beams are available and competing effects such as local self-focusing (or defocusing) can be neglected.
Phase-conjugate beam fidelity is studied in degenerate four-wave mixing with spatially varying pump beams. The theory includes long-cell-length (or high-gain) effects, diffraction, and nonlinear phase variation, focusing of the probe beam, and, finally, losses. Relatively simple algebraic expressions for the reflectivity are given that cover the cases of collinear or near-collinear beam geometries. An easily calculated parameter is defined that characterizes phase-conjugate fidelity and is applied to study focusing effects. It is shown that focusing effects may be useful in greatly reducing the principal distortion of the phase-conjugate beam over a considerable range of variation of beam parameters.