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Optics and Spectroscopy

Optical control of longitudinal periodic structures near the boundary of a rarefied resonance medium

T. A. Vartanyan

Published Apr 1, 2000• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The state of a rarefied gas medium is described theoretically upon reflection of intense resonance light from its surface. Conditions are found under which a longitudinal grating of the excited state population arises in the near-wall region of the medium. A new method for controlling parameters of the arising structure by means of the light is proposed.

DOI
10.1134/1.626840

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•Dec 1, 2011•0 citations
The state of a rarefied gas medium is described theoretically upon reflection of intense resonance light from its surface. Conditions are found under which a longitudinal grating of the excited state population arises in the near-wall region of the medium. A new method for controlling parameters of the arising structure by means of the light is proposed.
We theoretically study the optically tunable gratings based on a L-type atomic medium using coherent population oscillations from the angle of reflection and transmission of the probe field. Adopting a standing-wave driving field, the refractive index of the medium as well as the absorption are periodically modified. Consequently, the Bragg scattering causes the effective reflection. We show that different intensities of the control field lead to three types of reflection profile which actually correspond to different absorption/amplification features of the medium. We present a detailed analyses about the influence of amplification on the reflection profile as well. The coherent population oscillation is robust to the dephasing effect, and such induced gratings could have promising applications in nonlinear optics and all-optical information processing.
In the regime of coherent interaction of short optical pulses with a resonant medium, which is implemented with a pulse duration shorter than the relaxation times in the medium, the formation of population gratings can occur without overlapping the pulses therein. In this case, there are new possibilities for controlling optical pulses, which are especially pronounced for extremely short pulses. It is shown that, with the proper choice of the parameters of a sequence of extremely short optical pulses, not only the formation of population gratings, but also their erasure are possible. It is demonstrated that this effect can be used for the creation of an ultrahigh-speed optical deflector.
Creation, erasing and ultrafast control of population density gratings using few-cycle optical pulses coherently interacting with resonant medium is discussed. In contrast to the commonly used schemes, here the pulses do not need to overlap in the medium, interaction between the pulses is mediated by excitation of polarization waves. We investigate the details of the dynamics arising in such ultrashort pulse scheme and develop an analytical theory demonstrating the importance of the phase memory effects in the dynamics.
The resonant absorption, emission, and scattering of light are the fundamental optical processes that have been used both to probe matter and to manipulate light itself. In the last decade there has been essential progress in coherent control of both linear and nonlinear optical responses based on resonant excitation of atomic coherence in multilevel quantum systems. Some interesting and useful phenomena, resulting from coherent control of absorption and the group index, such as electromagnetically induced transparency, lasing without inversion, and ultra-slow group velocity of light have been widely studied. This work is focused on coherent control of refractive index and resonant fluorescence in multilevel medium. \n \nWe suggest two promising schemes for resonant enhancement of the refractive index with eliminated absorption and propose their implementation in transition element doped crystals with excited state absorption and in a cell of Rb atoms at natural abundance. We show how to use one of these schemes for spatial variation of the refractive index via its periodic resonant increase/decrease, remarkably keeping at the same time zero absorption/gain. It opens the way to production of transparent photonic structures (such as distributed Bragg reflectors, holey fibers, or photonic crystals) in a homogeneous resonant atomic media such as dielectrics with homogeneously distributed impurities, atomic, or molecular gases. These optically produced photonic structures could easily be controlled (including switching on/off, changing amplitude and period of modulation) and would be highly selective in frequency, naturally limited by the width of the optical resonance. \n \nWe also derive the optical fluorescence spectra of a three-level medium driven by two coherent fields at the adjacent transitions in a general case when all three transitions are allowed. We show that coherent driving can efficiently control the distribution of intensities between the fluorescent channels. In particular, the total intensity of fluorescence at the transition which is not driven by the optical fields may essentially exceed the fluorescence intensity at the driven transitions under the condition of two-photon resonance. This counter-intuitive effect is due to depletion of the intermediate state via atomic interference.