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Optical Review

Negative Nonlinear Absorption Effect for 1.5 μm Laser in an Erbium Chloride Solution

Yoshinobu Maeda

Published Jul 1, 1999• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10043-999-0284-0

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Optical signal inversion phenomenon for 1.53 μm laser in an erbium-doped lithium niobate

Yoshinobu Maeda, Hirotoshi Nagata, Taizou Nakashima +2 more

Modulation characteristics of a negative nonlinear absorption effect were investigated in 3 wt % erbium-doped lithium niobate using a 1530 nm laser diode. With a decreasing incident modulation degree, a reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted laser at modulation degrees smaller than 85% for a sample length of 14 mm. The reversed-phase transmitted waveforms were observed at modulation frequencies from 1 kHz to 10 GHz. The negative nonlinear absorption effect for 1.5 μm can be explained by considering an enhanced absorption model for a four-level system of the Er3+ ion.

Applied Physics Letters•Dec 27, 1999•1 citation
The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on the modulation degree and frequency was investigated in an erbium chloride solution using a 807.6 nm laser diode. The reverse-phased wave forms were obtained in the transmitted wave form for sample lengths greater than 6 cm. Though the reverse-phased wave form was observed symmetrically at modulation frequency of 0.1 MHz, they were asymmetrical at higher than 0.25 MHz. The effect has a characteristic which is almost independent of the state of erbium ions because it is formed by optical transitions of the inner shell of the erbium atom.
An all-optical inverter derived from the negative nonlinear absorption effect was demonstrated in erbium–yttrium aluminum garnet crystals using 1.53 μm laser diode. The effect was obtained at wavelengths of 1532 to 1534 nm in absorption spectra corresponding to the transition from the I15/24 to the I13/24 levels in Er3+ for sample lengths greater than 1.0 mm. The reversed-phase transmitted wave forms were observed at modulation frequencies from 1 kHz to 1 GHz. The negative nonlinear absorption effect can be explained by considering an enhanced absorption model for a four-level system of the Er3+ ion.
Modulation characteristics of a negative nonlinear absorption effect were investigated in 3 wt % erbium-doped lithium niobate using a 1530 nm laser diode. With a decreasing incident modulation degree, a reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted laser at modulation degrees smaller than 85% for a sample length of 14 mm. The reversed-phase transmitted waveforms were observed at modulation frequencies from 1 kHz to 10 GHz. The negative nonlinear absorption effect for 1.5 μm can be explained by considering an enhanced absorption model for a four-level system of the Er3+ ion.