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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Generation of transient inversion gratings with an ultrashort period in media exhibiting a phase memory under multipulse interaction conditions

Sergey A. Moiseev, E. I. Shtyrkov

Published Apr 30, 1991• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Multipulse excitation of a resonant medium by a laser field is considered. It is shown that one stable long-lived grating with an ultrashort period, i.e., a period much shorter than the wavelength of the exciting laser radiation, can form in such a medium. A study is reported of the interaction of light with gratings of this type and of generation of transient signals by these gratings.

DOI
10.1070/qe1991v021n04abeh003819

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Multipulse excitation of a resonant medium by a laser field is considered. It is shown that one stable long-lived grating with an ultrashort period, i.e., a period much shorter than the wavelength of the exciting laser radiation, can form in such a medium. A study is reported of the interaction of light with gratings of this type and of generation of transient signals by these gratings.
Creation, erasing and ultrafast control of population density gratings using few-cycle optical pulses coherently interacting with resonant medium is discussed. In contrast to the commonly used schemes, here the pulses do not need to overlap in the medium, interaction between the pulses is mediated by excitation of polarization waves. We investigate the details of the dynamics arising in such ultrashort pulse scheme and develop an analytical theory demonstrating the importance of the phase memory effects in the dynamics.
We report some specific features of transient radiation from a periodic spatially modulated one-dimensional medium with a resonant response upon excitation by an ultrashort pulse. The case of ring geometry (with particle density distributed along the ring according to the harmonic law) is considered. It is shown that the spectrum of scattered radiation contains (under both linear and nonlinear interaction), along with the frequency of intrinsic resonance of the medium, a new frequency, which depends on the pulse velocity and the spatial modulation period. The case of superluminal motion of excitation, when the Cherenkov effect manifests itself, is also analysed.
Electromagnetically induced gratings (EMIGs) of atomic populations are formed in the resonant media at the interference of two or more overlapping monochromatic beams. They are of great interest in the view of the possibility of numerous applications in optics and spectroscopy. The significant progress has been achieved recently in the generation of ultrashort femto- and attosecond pulses. Such ultrashort pulses cannot provide an interference pattern because the region of their overlapping is very small and insufficient to form even few interference fringes. However, when the pulse duration is shorter than the relaxation times in the medium in the presence of a coherent interaction with the medium, they can rapidly change of the population of atomic levels owing to carrier-wave Rabi flopping. In this case, population gratings can be formed without the instantaneous overlapping of ultrashort light pulses in the medium. The latest results on the production and control of EMIGs received by means of a sequence of single- and subcycle light pulses have been reviewed. It has been shown that the unipolar subcycle pulses can be used to control more efficiently the EMIGs compared to multipolar multicycle pulses. Various applications of these gratings have been discussed in the ultrafast optics and for the holographic recording.
Abstract Recently, the possibility of the creation, erasing and ultrafast control of polarization and population inversion gratings by sequences of few-cycle bipolar pulses interacting with a medium in a resonant and coherent way was predicted. In this case, the overlapping of pulses in the medium is not needed for the creation of gratings. In this paper, we study the possibility of the ultrafast creation and control of spatial periodic gratings in a resonant medium when subcycle unipolar pulses (that is ones containing the constant spectral component of an electric field) propagate in the coherent regime.