Quantum oblivious transfer with an untrusted third party

Marius Nagy, Naya Nagy

Lara Stroh, James T. Peat, Mats Kroneberg +2 more

Oblivious transfer between two untrusting parties is an important primitive in cryptography. There are different variants of oblivious transfer. In Rabin oblivious transfer, the sender Alice holds a bit, and the receiver Bob either obtains the bit, or obtains no information with probability p ? . Alice should not know whether or not Bob obtained the bit. We examine a quantum Rabin oblivious transfer (OT) protocol that uses two pure states. Investigating different cheating scenarios for the sender and for the receiver, we determine optimal cheating probabilities in each case. Comparing the quantum Rabin oblivious transfer protocol to classical Rabin oblivious transfer protocols, we show that the quantum protocol outperforms classical protocols, which do not use a third party, for some values of p ? . We find that quantum Rabin OT protocols that use mixed states can outperform quantum Rabin OT protocols that use pure states for some values of p ? . Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Hong-DaLi, Dong-YaoJi, Deng-GuoFeng +1 more

The problem of two-party oblivious polynomial evaluation(OPE)is studied,where one party(Alice)has a polynomial P(x)and the other party(Bob)with an input x wants to learn P(x)in such an oblivious way that Bob obtains P(x)without learning any additional information about P except what is implied by P(x)and Alice does not know Bob's input x.The former OPE protocols are based on an intractability assumption except for OT protocols.In fact,evaluating P(x)is equivalent to computing the product of the coefficient vectors(a0,...,an)and(1,...,xn).Using this idea,an efficient scale product protocol of two vectors is proposed first and then two OPE protocols are presented which do not need any other cryptographic assumption except for OT protocol.Compared with the existing OPE protocol,another characteristic of the proposed protocols is the degree of the polynomial is private.Another OPE protocol works in case of existence of untrusted third party.

Charles H. Bennett, Gilles Brassard A, Claude Crépeau +1 more

Kaoru Kurosawa, Ryo Nojima

Abstract. Adaptive oblivious transfer (adaptive OT) schemes have wide applications such as oblivious database searches, secure multiparty computation and etc. It is a two-party protocol which simulates an ideal world such that the sender sends M1, · · · , Mn to the trusted third party (TTP) first, and then the receiver receives Mσi from TTP adaptively for i = 1, 2, · · · k. In the standard model, however, the fully simulatable schemes known so far had to rely on dynamic assumptions such as q-strong DH assumption, q-PDDH assumption and q-hidden LRSW assumption. This paper shows two fully simulatable adaptive OT schemes which do not rely on dynamic assumptions in the standard model. Our first scheme holds under the DDH assumption and our second scheme holds under the Paillier’s decisional Nth residuosity assumption, respectively.

Atsushi Waseda, Takayuki TAKAGI, Masakazu Soshi +1 more