Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Photon-pair generation in lossy waveguides

Nuno A. Silva, Armando N. Pinto

Published Aug 22, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this work we present a theoretical model that takes into account the impact of loss in the generation of photon-pairs through the four-wave mixing process in a highly nonlinear waveguide. Moreover, we also include in the theoretical model the Raman scattering that occurs inside that waveguide. Results indicate that, the bandwidth over which we can efficiently generate correlated photon-pairs is limited by both the phase-matching condition and the Raman scattering process. Results indicate that, in a non-negligible loss regime the presence of the loss coefficient tends to improve the degree of correlation between the photon-pairs generated inside the waveguide.

DOI
10.1117/12.2060539

Related papers

Heralded single-photon source from spontaneous four-wave mixing process in lossy waveguides

Nuno A. Silva, Armando N. Pinto

We investigate theoretically the spontaneous four-wave mixing (FWM) process that occurs in optical waveguides, as a source of quantum correlated photon-pairs. We consider that the waveguide used to implement the spontaneous FWM process presents a high value of nonlinear parameter, γ = 93.4 W-1m-1, and a non-negligible value of loss coefficient, α = 133.3 dB/m. Moreover, the theoretical model also consider the Raman scattering that inevitably accompanies the FWM process, and generates time-uncorrelated (noise) photon pairs. We use the coincident-to-accidental ratio (CAR) as a figure of merit of the photon pair source, and we were able to observe a CAR of the order of 65 in a high loss regime. After, we use the time-correlated photon pairs generated by the spontaneous FWM process to implement a heralded single photon source at waveguide output. In this scenario, the detection of one photon of the pair heralds the presence of the other photon. The quality of the source was studied by the evaluation of the second order coherence function for one photon of the pair conditioned by the detection of its twin photon. We observe that the presence of a high loss coefficient tends to improve the quality of the photon source, when compared with the lossless regime, even considering the Raman noise photons. We obtain a value for the conditional second order coherence function of the order of 0.11 in absence of loss, and a value of 0.03 for a loss coefficient of 133.3 dB/m.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Oct 13, 2015•0 citations

Role of Raman Scattering on Correlated Photon Pairs Generated Through Four-Wave Mixing

Qinglong Lin, Govind Prasad Agrawal

We discuss photon-pair correlation under the combined effects of four-wave mixing and Raman scattering inside optical fibers and silicon waveguides. Our theory is vectorial in nature and includes all polarization effects.

The Rochester Conferences on Coherence and Quantum Optics and the Quantum Information and Measurement meeting•Jan 1, 2007•0 citations

Correlated Photon Pairs Using Silicon Waveguides

Qinglong Lin, Govind Prasad Agrawal

We propose to use four-wave mixing inside silicon waveguides for generating correlated photon pairs. We present a theory that includes all noise sources and provides an analytic expression for the pair correlation. In contrast to optical fibers, the quality of photon pairs is not degraded by Raman scattering.

Frontiers in Optics•Jan 1, 2006•0 citations

Photon-pair generation in lossy coupled-resonator optical waveguides via spontaneous four-wave mixing

Mohsen Kamandar Dezfouli, Marc M. Dignam

We theoretically model pair generation and evolution via the nonlinear process of spontaneous four-wave mixing in a coupled-resonator optical waveguide in a photonic crystal slab. Using the adjoint master equation for a system of lossy coupled cavities, we calculate a symmetrized second-order coherence function to determine pair detection probability. We find that the scattering loss can have as large an effect on pair generation as waveguide dispersion. In particular, the wave-vector dependence of the loss can shift the frequency of the maximum detection probability and therefore cannot, in general, be ignored or treated via a simple overall loss factor.

Physical Review A•Mar 16, 2017•4 citations

Role of Absorption on the Generation of Quantum-Correlated Photon Pairs Through FWM

N. A. Silva, Armando N. Pinto

The impact of fiber absorption on the generation rate of quantum-correlated photon pairs through spontaneous four-wave mixing in optical fibers is studied theoretically. We quantify the impact of the loss through the analysis of the Cauchy-Schwarz correlation parameter and the Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt inequality. Results show that fiber loss can improve the quantum-correlation between the photon pairs. This is a consequence of the decrease of the individual signal and idler photon-fluxes, which reduces the rate of uncorrelated photons generated through Raman scattering inside the optical fiber. Findings show that a high degree of polarization entanglement is obtained when the ratio of signal to idler photon-fluxes lies between 0.5 and 0.8, in a regime with high losses on the signal wave.

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics•Aug 17, 2012•13 citations

Correlated photon pair generation in AlGaAs nanowaveguides via spontaneous four-wave mixing

Pisek Kultavewuti, Eric Y. Zhu, Li Qian +3 more

We demonstrate a source of correlated photon pairs which will have applications in future integrated quantum photonic circuits. The source utilizes spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a dispersion-engineered nanowaveguide made of AlGaAs, which has merits of negligible two-photon absorption and low spontaneous Raman scattering (SpRS). We observe a coincidence-to-accidental (CAR) ratio up to 177, mainly limited by propagation losses. Experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions of the SFWM photon pair generation and the SpRS noise photon generation. We also study the effects from the SpRS, propagation losses, and waveguide lengths on the quality of our source.

arXiv:1602.03096•Optics Express•Feb 9, 2016•45 citations
In this work we present a theoretical model that takes into account the impact of loss in the generation of photon-pairs through the four-wave mixing process in a highly nonlinear waveguide. Moreover, we also include in the theoretical model the Raman scattering that occurs inside that waveguide. Results indicate that, the bandwidth over which we can efficiently generate correlated photon-pairs is limited by both the phase-matching condition and the Raman scattering process. Results indicate that, in a non-negligible loss regime the presence of the loss coefficient tends to improve the degree of correlation between the photon-pairs generated inside the waveguide.
We investigate theoretically the spontaneous four-wave mixing (FWM) process that occurs in optical waveguides, as a source of quantum correlated photon-pairs. We consider that the waveguide used to implement the spontaneous FWM process presents a high value of nonlinear parameter, γ = 93.4 W-1m-1, and a non-negligible value of loss coefficient, α = 133.3 dB/m. Moreover, the theoretical model also consider the Raman scattering that inevitably accompanies the FWM process, and generates time-uncorrelated (noise) photon pairs. We use the coincident-to-accidental ratio (CAR) as a figure of merit of the photon pair source, and we were able to observe a CAR of the order of 65 in a high loss regime. After, we use the time-correlated photon pairs generated by the spontaneous FWM process to implement a heralded single photon source at waveguide output. In this scenario, the detection of one photon of the pair heralds the presence of the other photon. The quality of the source was studied by the evaluation of the second order coherence function for one photon of the pair conditioned by the detection of its twin photon. We observe that the presence of a high loss coefficient tends to improve the quality of the photon source, when compared with the lossless regime, even considering the Raman noise photons. We obtain a value for the conditional second order coherence function of the order of 0.11 in absence of loss, and a value of 0.03 for a loss coefficient of 133.3 dB/m.
We theoretically model pair generation and evolution via the nonlinear process of spontaneous four-wave mixing in a coupled-resonator optical waveguide in a photonic crystal slab. Using the adjoint master equation for a system of lossy coupled cavities, we calculate a symmetrized second-order coherence function to determine pair detection probability. We find that the scattering loss can have as large an effect on pair generation as waveguide dispersion. In particular, the wave-vector dependence of the loss can shift the frequency of the maximum detection probability and therefore cannot, in general, be ignored or treated via a simple overall loss factor.
The impact of fiber absorption on the generation rate of quantum-correlated photon pairs through spontaneous four-wave mixing in optical fibers is studied theoretically. We quantify the impact of the loss through the analysis of the Cauchy-Schwarz correlation parameter and the Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt inequality. Results show that fiber loss can improve the quantum-correlation between the photon pairs. This is a consequence of the decrease of the individual signal and idler photon-fluxes, which reduces the rate of uncorrelated photons generated through Raman scattering inside the optical fiber. Findings show that a high degree of polarization entanglement is obtained when the ratio of signal to idler photon-fluxes lies between 0.5 and 0.8, in a regime with high losses on the signal wave.
We demonstrate a source of correlated photon pairs which will have applications in future integrated quantum photonic circuits. The source utilizes spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in a dispersion-engineered nanowaveguide made of AlGaAs, which has merits of negligible two-photon absorption and low spontaneous Raman scattering (SpRS). We observe a coincidence-to-accidental (CAR) ratio up to 177, mainly limited by propagation losses. Experimental results agree well with theoretical predictions of the SFWM photon pair generation and the SpRS noise photon generation. We also study the effects from the SpRS, propagation losses, and waveguide lengths on the quality of our source.