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Physical Review A

Time-dependent spectrum of a strongly driven two-level atom in the squeezed vacuum

Amitabh Joshi, S. V. Lawande

Published Mar 1, 1990• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The time-dependent fluorescence spectrum from a strongly driven two-level atom damped by a broadband-squeezed vacuum is obtained analytically using the counting-rate definition of Eberly and Wodkiewicz [J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 1252 (1977)] and employing the high-field approximation. The spectrum shows considerable modifications compared to the corresponding time-dependent spectrum in a normal vacuum. It is now dependent on the relative phase between the squeezed vacuum field and the coherent driving field. In particular, the time development of the central peak of the Mollow triplet (which is known to show a phase-dependent linewidth in the steady state) is discussed. The effects of detuning on the spectrum are also presented.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.41.2822

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The time-dependent fluorescence spectrum from a strongly driven two-level atom damped by a broadband-squeezed vacuum is obtained analytically using the counting-rate definition of Eberly and Wodkiewicz [J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 1252 (1977)] and employing the high-field approximation. The spectrum shows considerable modifications compared to the corresponding time-dependent spectrum in a normal vacuum. It is now dependent on the relative phase between the squeezed vacuum field and the coherent driving field. In particular, the time development of the central peak of the Mollow triplet (which is known to show a phase-dependent linewidth in the steady state) is discussed. The effects of detuning on the spectrum are also presented.
Fluorescence from a coherently driven two-level atom that is damped by a squeezed vacuum is studied. We show that the mean atomic polarization depends on the relative phases of the squeezed vacuum and the coherent driving field. The fluorescent spectrum is calculated and shows several modifications over the spectrum for normal resonance fluorescence. In particular, the central peak of the Mollow triplet has a linewidth that depends on the phase of the driving field. For strong squeezing this peak can either be much narrower or much broader than the natural linewidth of the atom.
We present numerical and analytical results for the Mollow probe absorption spectrum of a coherently driven two-level system in a narrow bandwidth squeezed vacuum field. The spectra are calculated for the case where the Rabi frequency of the driving field is much larger than the natural linewidth and the squeezed vacuum carrier frequency is detuned from the driving laser frequency. The driving laser is on resonance. We show that in a detuned squeezed vacuum the standard Mollow features are each split into triplets. The central components of each triplet are weakly dependent on the squeezing phase but the sidebands strongly depend on the phase and can have dispersive or absorptive/emissive profiles. We also derive approximate analytical expressions for the spectral features and find that the multi-peak structure of the spectrum can be interpreted either via the eigenfrequencies of a generalized Floquet Hamiltonian or in terms of three-photon transitions between dressed states involving a probe field photon and a correlated photon pair from the squeezed vacuum field.
The dynamics of a strongly driven two-level atom are examined for the case that the atom is coupled to a ``two-mode'' squeezed vacuum. The source of squeezed light is taken to be a (frequency) nondegenerate parametric oscillator. We consider the situation in which the Rabi sidebands produced by the coherent driving field coincide with the spectral peaks of the parametric oscillator. Approximate analytical results are presented and checked against numerical simulations of the exact equations. For a suitable choice of relative phase, all three spectral lines in the fluorescence triplet are found to exhibit subnatural linewidths. Significant modifications to the fluorescence spectrum are also possible with a nonzero laser-atom detuning.
We present analytical and numerical results for the steady-state resonance fluorescence spectrum produced by a coherently driven two-level atom in the presence of a broadband squeezed vacuum. Here the central frequency of the squeezed vacuum is off-resonant with the driving field frequency, while maintaining resonance between the driving frequency and the atomic resonance. Numerical solutions of the Bloch equations of the system are obtained under the strong driving field approximation which agree well with the analytic results.
The relaxation process of a single two-level atom driven by an intense resonant coherent field is studied in the presence of a broadband squeezed vacuum field. Generalized forms for the self-field operator and the field-dependent damping coefficients are derived. In the steady state, positive atomic inversion (~5%) is shown for some range of the phase of the squeezed vacuum field. The squeezing-induced enhanced and asymmetric coherence (i.e.?non-zero dispersive atomic polarization) induces profound asymmetry in the side-bands of the Mollow fluorescent spectrum and the absorptive?dispersive spectra near the Rabi side-band frequencies. The case of two and three cooperative atoms, instead of a single atom, shows (i)?positive atomic inversion in the steady state for larger interval of the squeeze phase parameter and more enhanced extrema for the atomic polarization components and (ii) the extra side peaks in the fluorescent spectrum become asymmetric and of dispersive-like profile. Dressed-state analysis in the single-atom case with the field-dependent decay process in the presence of the squeezed vacuum field is presented and shows that the inequality of the (field-dependent) decay rates of the dressed states leads to more positive inversion in the dressed states as compared with the normal vacuum case.