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Laser Physics

Superradiant resonant Rayleigh scattering of light by the Bose-Einstein condensate of rarified atomic gases

N. I. Shamrov

Published Dec 1, 2007• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on the earlier model, the superradiant Rayleigh scattering of the high-intensity short light pulses by the Bose-Einstein condensate of rubidium vapor is studied. It is demonstrated that only six states with a certain momentum are filled when the resonance detuning is about the Rabi frequency. The first two states describe the atomic motion along the condensate due to absorption, whereas the remaining four states describe the atomic motions at angles of 45° and 135° to the condensate axis owing to the reemission of the photon. The condensate pulsations between the state with zero momentum and the last four states are revealed. The corresponding shape of the coherent Rayleigh pulse is found for various resonance detunings.

DOI
10.1134/s1054660x07120134

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Based on the earlier model, the superradiant Rayleigh scattering of the high-intensity short light pulses by the Bose-Einstein condensate of rubidium vapor is studied. It is demonstrated that only six states with a certain momentum are filled when the resonance detuning is about the Rabi frequency. The first two states describe the atomic motion along the condensate due to absorption, whereas the remaining four states describe the atomic motions at angles of 45° and 135° to the condensate axis owing to the reemission of the photon. The condensate pulsations between the state with zero momentum and the last four states are revealed. The corresponding shape of the coherent Rayleigh pulse is found for various resonance detunings.
Based on the earlier model, the superradiant Rayleigh scattering of the high-intensity short light pulses by the Bose- Einstein condensate of rubidium vapor is studied. It is demonstrated that only six states with a certain momentum are filled when the resonance detuning is about the Rabi frequency. The first two states describe the atomic motion along the condensate due to absorption, whereas the remaining four states describe the atomic motions at angles of 450 and 1350 to the condensate axis owing to the reemission of the photon. The condensate pulsations between the state with zero momentum and the last four states are revealed. The corresponding shape of the coherent Rayleigh pulse is found for various resonance detunings.
The superradiant Rayleigh scattering of high-intensity light pulses by the Bose-Einstein condensate of rubidium vapor is studied using the model proposed earlier. It is demonstrated that four states with a certain momentum are occupied under the experimental conditions (two states correspond to the forward recoil and two others correspond to the backward recoil). Condensate pulsations between the zero-momentum state and the above states are detected and studied. The corresponding shape of the coherent Rayleigh pulse is found.
Equations of a semiclassical model of superradiant Rayleigh scattering of high-intensity short light pulses from a Bose-Einstein condensate of dilute atomic gases are solved numerically taking into account the excitation of atoms by coherent Rayleigh radiation and their recoil in the backward direction. The evolution of the populations of coherent atomic states with a particular momentum is studied, and the pulse shape and the structure of the spectrum of such scattering are found in relation to the laser beam intensity and the recoil kinetic energy of atoms.
A theory of coherent light scattering from an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate exposed to an off-resonant laser beam is presented. The model describes the emission of two superradiant pulses along the sample's major axis simultaneous with the formation of a bidimensional atomic grating inside the sample, as was observed in a recent MIT experiment [Inouye, S. et al., 1999, Science, 285, 571]. We predictions of the semiclassical model, in which the atomic motion is treated classically, are compared with these of the quantum model, obtained including the quantum mechanical description of the atomic motion. In the quantum limit the superradiant regime becomes a sequential process, in which during each collective scattering atoms emit a it hyperbolic secant pulse and populate an adjacent momentum state.