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Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

Equations for Bogolyubov's reduced distribution functions and their solution for arbitrary values of the particle density

Nicholas Simon Gonchar

Published Oct 1, 1983• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf01028177

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The article formulates the concept of a cumulant representation for distribution functions that describe the state of many-particle systems with topological interaction, i.e., using the interaction potential determined by the proximity rank of particles. Cumulants of probability distribution functions are interpreted as correlations of particle states and are defined as solutions of the corresponding cluster expansions of probability distri­bution functions. We emphasize that the correlations that arise during the evolution of a system of particles with topological interaction naturally differ from the structure of correlations of many-particle systems, the state of which is traditionally described by symmetric probability distribution functions. The article establishes a hierarchy of evolution nonlinear equations for correlation functions (hierarchy of recursive Liouville equations). In the space sequences of integrated functions, a non-perturbative solution of the Cauchy problem for a hierarchy of such nonlinear evolution equations is constructed. Typical properties of the expansion of such a solution, which are generated by the properties of its generating operators, namely, cumulants of groups of operators of Liouville equations, are investigated. Based on the dynamics of correlations, the structure of series expansions is established, which determines reduced distribution functions, as well as reduced correlation functions, which, in particular, made it possible to substantiate the structure of generating operators of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the hierarchy of BBGKY equations (Bogolyubov–Born–Green–Kirkwood–Yvon). It is proved that the structure of expansions for correlation functions, the generating operators of which are cumulants of groups of operators of the corresponding order of Liouville equations, induces the cumulant structure of series expansions for reduced distribution functions and reduced correlation functions. Thus, the dynamics of state correlations generate the dynamics of many-particle systems with topological interaction.
The problem of parameters, which are necessary for nonequilibrium electromagnetic field description, is investigated on the basis of the Bogolyubov reduced description method establishing the necessity of binary correlations in the minimal set of parameters taken into account in evolution equations. The corresponding theory can be built in terms of one-particle density matrices, Wigner distribution functions, simultaneous correlation functions of field operators, and generating functionals. The obtained results can be analyzed with the help of approaches elaborated in quantum optics. Various methods in theoretical and experimental research into field correlations are compared.
An equation is considered for a composite scalar particle with polarizabilities in an external quantized electromagnetic plane wave. This equation is reduced to a system of equations for an infinite number of interacting oscillators. After diagonalization, we come to equations for free oscillators. As a result, exact solutions of the equation for a particle are found in a plane-quantized electromagnetic wave of arbitrary polarization. As a particular case, the solution for monochromatic electromagnetic waves is considered. The relativistic coherent states of a particle are constructed using the Poisson distribution of photon numbers. In the limit, when the average photon number [Formula: see text] and the volume V of the quantization tend to infinity (but the photon density [Formula: see text] /V remains constant), the wave function converts to the solution corresponding to the external classical electromagnetic wave. PACS Nos.: 14.40.Aq, 13.40.Ks, 13.40.-f