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Quantum Electronics

Active laser media based on fianite crystals

Yu. K. Voron’ko, Elena E. Lomonova, Vyacheslav V Osiko, Alexander A. Sobol’, Sergey N. Ushakov, Шукшин Владислав Евгеньевич

Published Jul 31, 2006• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The spectral and lasing parameters of Yb 3+ ions in zirconium dioxide crystals with a stabilised cubic structure (fianites) are studied. It is found that the absorption and luminescence spectra of Yb 3+ in these crystals are characterised by a considerable inhomogeneous broadening. The nature of this broadening is investigated and the model of optical centres consistent with the properties of the inhomogeneous spectra of Yb 3+ in the cubic zirconium dioxide crystal is proposed. It is shown that fianites can be used in solid-state lasers. Lasing in Yb 3+ ions in diode-pumped fianite crystals was obtained and studied.

DOI
10.1070/qe2006v036n07abeh013185

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Quantum Electronics•Jul 31, 2006•1 citation
The spectral and lasing parameters of Yb 3+ ions in zirconium dioxide crystals with a stabilised cubic structure (fianites) are studied. It is found that the absorption and luminescence spectra of Yb 3+ in these crystals are characterised by a considerable inhomogeneous broadening. The nature of this broadening is investigated and the model of optical centres consistent with the properties of the inhomogeneous spectra of Yb 3+ in the cubic zirconium dioxide crystal is proposed. It is shown that fianites can be used in solid-state lasers. Lasing in Yb 3+ ions in diode-pumped fianite crystals was obtained and studied.
We investigate superradiant lasing in 1D photonic crystal taking into account both homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening in a two-level active medium. The latter may be based on, e.g., the quantum-well heterostructures and the fibers activated by color centers where Bragg structure can be fabricated artificially by means of a periodic modulation of the cladding layers. The truncated Maxwell-Bloch equations for the counter-propagating waves, the polarization and inversion of an inhomogeneously broadened two-level medium are used to analyze numerically the interplay between the back-scattering, amplification, dispersion, and de-phasing of waves. It is found that, if the photonic band gap is less than the coherent amplification bandwidth, there is a wide range of the pumping and relaxation parameters of a two-level medium where superradiant lasing exists and results in generation of a quasi-periodic and/or chaotic series of powerful and short pulses similar to those of Dicke superfluorescence. It is the cavity mode selection due to distributed feedback caused by the resonant Bragg structure which is responsible for the existence of superradiant lasing. Typical parameters of superradiant photonic-crystal lasers, including lengths, photonic band gaps and relaxation rates, are indicated.
Neodymium (Nd 3+ ) ions in mixed yttrofluorite crystals were excited by Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Nd 3+ laser radiation. Luminescence spectra of these ions were recorded in 5x10 –6 sec after a delay time (relative to a short excitation pulse), which was varied within the range from 3 × 10 –5 to 2 × 10 –3 sec. The spectra recorded during the initial stages of the decay of the 4 F 3/2 metastable state were quite different from the spectra recorded under nonselective excitation conditions. The selectively excited spectra varied with time because of the migration of energy between metastable states but this migration was completed in a time of the order of 10 –3 sec at T = 300°K when the concentration of NdF 3 was 1 wt.%. The results indicated a correlation between the spectra of the energy levels of Nd 3+ in yttrofluorite crystals and structural disorder.
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Single-mode cw lasing was obtained for the first time in Yb 3+ : GGG crystals at room temperature at 1.030 and 1.037 μm upon pumping Yb 3+ ions by a 0.925-μm neodymium-doped fibre laser. Lasing was observed at the transitions between the lower Stark sublevel of the 2 F 5/2 level and the upper Stark sublevels of the 2 F 7/2 ground state of Yb 3+ ions. The study of lasing characteristic showed that lasing occurs according to the four-level scheme. The lasing threshold with respect to the absorbed power was 85 mW and the slope lasing efficiency was 20%. Upon 1.7-W pumping, the output power of 310 mW was achieved with the output resonator mirror with the transmission coefficient of 1%. The effective cross section of the lasing transition was 0.9 × 10 -20 cm 2 .