Kimball's work (1975) on the momentum distribution of electrons is utilized to establish the form of the expansion of the first-order density matrix for jellium around the diagonal. There is non-analytic behaviour and the connection between the present result and the analytic form for non-interacting electrons in established.
We obtain bounds for all derivatives of the non-relativistic Coulombic one-particle density matrix γ(x,y) near the diagonal x=y.
In a recent paper A. Akbari, N. H. March, and A. Rubio [Phys. Rev. A 76, 032510 (2007)] investigated the one-electron reduced density matrix and the momentum density of several two-electron model atoms, including Hooke's atom. The method used by the authors for deriving an integral form of the momentum density is in fact the most suited for deriving a closed-form expression of the exact reciprocal form factor, in a special case. This function is important inasmuch as it reflects the off-diagonal side of the exact reduced density matrix.
Results for the diagonal element of the second-order density matrix (pair function) and for the momentum distribution of an interacting electron gas are presented. In the low density limit, it is shown that, to a similar degree of approximation, the first-order density matrix and hence the momentum distribution may be obtained. In the highdensity problem, the pair function has also been calculated using the Green's function approach. From the information available in these high and low density limits, the range of usefulness of the concept of the Fermi surface in an interacting electron gas is discussed. Also, results of varia. tional calculations on the stability of Cverhauser spindensity waves in metals are reported. It is concluded that such waves reduce the energy below the Hartree-Fock value only when the interaction becomes very strong, or equivalently when the density is very low. Some preliminary work on the correlation problem in a non-uniform electron gas is also briefly discussed. (auth)