Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Integer vs. Half-Integer-Spin Antiferromagnetic Chains, an Experimental Test of the Haldane Conjecture: Excitations in the S = 5/2 System CsMnI 3 vs. Excitations in the S = 1 CsNiCl 3

M. Enderle, Kazuhisa Kakurai, K. N. Clausen, Toshiya Inami, Hidekazu Tanaka, Michael Steiner

Published Mar 20, 1994• 14 citations

Abstract

Integer vs. Half-Integer-Spin Antiferromagnetic Chains, an Experimental Test of the Haldane Conjecture: Excitations in the S = 5/2 System CsMnI3 vs. Excitations in the S = 1 CsNiCl3, M. Enderle, K. Kakurai, K. N. Clausen, T. Inami, H. Tanaka, M. Steiner

DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/25/9/014

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Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Integer vs. Half-Integer-Spin Antiferromagnetic Chains, an Experimental Test of the Haldane Conjecture: Excitations in the S = 5/2 System CsMnI 3 vs. Excitations in the S = 1 CsNiCl 3

M. Enderle, Kazuhisa Kakurai, K. N. Clausen, Toshiya Inami, Hidekazu Tanaka, Michael Steiner

Published Mar 20, 1994• 14 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/25/9/014

Related papers

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Masaki Oshikawa

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Joon Han Lee, Marie Kratochvílová, Zahra-Sadat Yamani +4 more

Since Haldane conjectured that ground state of one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet has a finite spin gap for integer spins, while gapless excitations for half-odd integer spins, it has inspired lots of theoretical and experimental studies on low-dimensional quantum magnets. Several one-dimensional chain systems of integer spins, so called Haldane chain, have been discovered and studied, such as CsNiCl3, Y2BaNiO5, PbNi2V2O8, SrNi2V2O8, AgVP2S6. It has been known that most of the Haldane chain has antiferromagnetic coupling for the intrachain exchange interaction. Recently, we have found a Haldane chain compound in which antiferromagnetic order is accompanied by antiferromagnetic interchain coupling between one-dimensional ferromagnetic chains below 30.5 Kelvin. In this presentation, we present comprehensive study of its magnetic and thermal properties.Since Haldane conjectured that ground state of one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet has a finite spin gap for integer spins, while gapless excitations for half-odd integer spins, it has inspired lots of theoretical and experimental studies on low-dimensional quantum magnets. Several one-dimensional chain systems of integer spins, so called Haldane chain, have been discovered and studied, such as CsNiCl3, Y2BaNiO5, PbNi2V2O8, SrNi2V2O8, AgVP2S6. It has been known that most of the Haldane chain has antiferromagnetic coupling for the intrachain exchange interaction. Recently, we have found a Haldane chain compound in which antiferromagnetic order is accompanied by antiferromagnetic interchain coupling between one-dimensional ferromagnetic chains below 30.5 Kelvin. In this presentation, we present comprehensive study of its magnetic and thermal properties.

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Spin dynamics and the Haldane gap in the spin-1 quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet CsNiCl3

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A full description of a series of spin-wave measurements in ${\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}$ in the three-dimensional (3D) and one-dimensional (1D) phases and their analysis to provide the first experimental evidence for the Haldane gap is presented. Neutron scattering experiments were performed on a single crystal of ${\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}$ with both (h,0,l) and (h,h,l) as the scattering plane. The order parameter in both 3D phases was measured and the spin-wave dispersion determined in the lower phase. The spin-wave spectrum calculated from a dynamic susceptibility method was compared with the experimental response in the lower 3D phase to obtain the following values for the exchange and anisotropy constants: J=0.345\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008 THz, J'=0.0060\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005 THz, and D=-0.0130\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0015 THz. These parameters confirm that ${\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}$ in its disordered phase is a good approximation to a one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet. In the 1D phase the gap frequency for an isolated chain of ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{2+}$ ions is found to be 0.32 THz close to the gap estimated in finite-chain calculations. The results constitute experimental support for the Haldane conjecture that the excitations of integer-spin chains, unlike half-integer--spin chains, exhibit an apparent anisotropy that arises not from the underlying isotropic Hamiltonian, but from many-body effects.A full description of a series of spin-wave measurements in ${\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}$ in the three-dimensional (3D) and one-dimensional (1D) phases and their analysis to provide the first experimental evidence for the Haldane gap is presented. Neutron scattering experiments were performed on a single crystal of ${\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}$ with both (h,0,l) and (h,h,l) as the scattering plane. The order parameter in both 3D phases was measured and the spin-wave dispersion determined in the lower phase. The spin-wave spectrum calculated from a dynamic susceptibility method was compared with the experimental response in the lower 3D phase to obtain the following values for the exchange and anisotropy constants: J=0.345\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008 THz, J'=0.0060\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005 THz, and D=-0.0130\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0015 THz. These parameters confirm that ${\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}$ in its disordered phase is a good approximation to a one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet. In the 1D phase the gap frequency for an isolated chain of ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{2+}$ ions is found to be 0.32 THz close to the gap estimated in finite-chain calculations. The results constitute experimental support for the Haldane conjecture that the excitations of integer-spin chains, unlike half-integer--spin chains, exhibit an apparent anisotropy that arises not from the underlying isotropic Hamiltonian, but from many-body effects.

Physical review. B, Condensed matterJul 1, 1988189 citations

A full description of a series of spin-wave measurements in

{\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}

in the three-dimensional (3D) and one-dimensional (1D) phases and their analysis to provide the first experimental evidence for the Haldane gap is presented. Neutron scattering experiments were performed on a single crystal of

{\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}

with both (h,0,l) and (h,h,l) as the scattering plane. The order parameter in both 3D phases was measured and the spin-wave dispersion determined in the lower phase. The spin-wave spectrum calculated from a dynamic susceptibility method was compared with the experimental response in the lower 3D phase to obtain the following values for the exchange and anisotropy constants: J=0.345\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008 THz, J'=0.0060\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005 THz, and D=-0.0130\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0015 THz. These parameters confirm that

{\mathrm{CsNiCl}}_{3}

in its disordered phase is a good approximation to a one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet. In the 1D phase the gap frequency for an isolated chain of

{\mathrm{Ni}}^{2+}

ions is found to be 0.32 THz close to the gap estimated in finite-chain calculations. The results constitute experimental support for the Haldane conjecture that the excitations of integer-spin chains, unlike half-integer--spin chains, exhibit an apparent anisotropy that arises not from the underlying isotropic Hamiltonian, but from many-body effects.