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Australian Control Conference

Stability of quantum Markov systems via Lyapunov methods in the Heisenberg picture

Yu Pan, Nina H. Amini, Zibo Miao, John Edward Gough, Valery Ugrinovskii, M. R. James

Published Nov 1, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Stability of quantum Markov systems is investigated in terms of stability of invariant states. Evolutions of a quantum system in the Heisenberg picture are considered which are modeled in terms of a quantum stochastic differential equation. Using a Markov operator semigroup associated with this quantum stochastic differential equation, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of a unique and faithful invariant quantum state. The conditions are formulated in terms of algebraic constraints suitable for engineering quantum systems to be used in coherent feedback networks. To derive these conditions, we use quantum analogues of the stochastic Lyapunov stability theory.

DOI
10.1109/aucc.2013.6697323

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Stability of quantum Markov systems is investigated in terms of stability of invariant states. Evolutions of a quantum system in the Heisenberg picture are considered which are modeled in terms of a quantum stochastic differential equation. Using a Markov operator semigroup associated with this quantum stochastic differential equation, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of a unique and faithful invariant quantum state. The conditions are formulated in terms of algebraic constraints suitable for engineering quantum systems to be used in coherent feedback networks. To derive these conditions, we use quantum analogues of the stochastic Lyapunov stability theory.
Quantum Markovian systems, modeled as unitary dilations in the quantum stochastic calculus of Hudson and Parthasarathy, have become standard in current quantum technological applications. This paper investigates the stability theory of such systems. Lyapunov-type conditions in the Heisenberg picture are derived in order to stabilize the evolution of system operators as well as the underlying dynamics of the quantum states. In particular, using the quantum Markov semigroup associated with this quantum stochastic differential equation, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of a unique and faithful invariant quantum state. Furthermore, this paper proves the quantum invariance principle, which extends the LaSalle invariance principle to quantum systems in the Heisenberg picture. These results are formulated in terms of algebraic constraints suitable for engineering quantum systems that are used in coherent feedback networks.
Quantum Markovian systems, modeled as unitary dilations in the quantum stochastic calculus of Hudson and Parthasarathy, have become standard in current quantum technological applications. This paper investigates the stability theory of such systems. Lyapunov-type conditions in the Heisenberg picture are derived in order to stabilize the evolution of system operators as well as the underlying dynamics of the quantum states. In particular, using the quantum Markov semigroup associated with this quantum stochastic differential equation, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence and stability of a unique and faithful invariant quantum state. Furthermore, this paper proves the quantum invariance principle, which extends the LaSalle invariance principle to quantum systems in the Heisenberg picture. These results are formulated in terms of algebraic constraints suitable for engineering quantum systems that are used in coherent feedback networks.
Control by dissipation, or environment engineering, constitutes an important class of quantum coherent control methods which was proposed to improve robustness and scalability of quantum control systems. This paper aims to develop the theory for engineering the dissipation based on a ground-state Lyapunov stability analysis of the open quantum systems via a Heisenberg-picture approach. In particular, expressing the Lyapunov conditions as operator inequalities allows a purely algebraic treatment of the quantum environment engineering problem, which facilitates the integration of large-scale quantum coherent networks and could be used to draw an explicit connection to the theory of quantum Markov semigroups.
This paper presents a detailed Lyapunov-based theory to control and stabilize continuously-measured quantum systems, which are driven by Stochastic Schrodinger Equation (SSE). Initially, equivalent classes of states of a quantum system are defined and their properties are presented. With the help of equivalence classes of states, we are able to consider global phase invariance of quantum states in our mathematical analysis. As the second mathematical modelling tool, the conventional Ito formula is further extended to non-differentiable complex functions. Based on this extended Ito formula, a detailed stochastic stability theory is developed to stabilize the SSE. Main results of this proposed theory are sufficient conditions for stochastic stability and asymptotic stochastic stability of the SSE. Based on the main results, a solid mathematical framework is provided for controlling and analyzing quantum system under continuous measurement, which is the first step towards implementing weak continuous feedback control for quantum computing purposes.
We characterize the dynamical behavior of continuous-time, Markovian quantum systems with respect to a subsystem of interest. Markovian dynamics describes a wide class of open quantum systems of relevance to quantum information processing, subsystem encodings offering a general pathway to faithfully represent quantum information. We provide explicit linear-algebraic characterizations of the notion of invariant and noiseless subsystem for Markovian master equations, under different robustness assumptions for model-parameter and initial-state variations. The stronger concept of an attractive quantum subsystem is introduced, and sufficient existence conditions are identified based on Lyapunov's stability techniques. As a main control application, we address the potential of output-feedback Markovian control strategies for quantum pure state-stabilization and noiseless-subspace generation. In particular, explicit results for the synthesis of stabilizing semigroups and noiseless subspaces in finite-dimensional Markovian systems are obtained.