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Lettere al nuovo cimento della societa italiana di fisica/Lettere al nuovo cimento

On some recent suggestions of superluminal communication through the collapse of the wave function

G. C. Ghiradi, T. Weber

Published Dec 1, 1979• 28 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/bf02750269

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The implications of quantum nonlocality are briefly reviewed. It is shown that the collapse of the wave function requires the existence of a preferred Lorentz frame. This opens the first door to quantum superluminal communication (QSC). A theory of QSC is deeply analyzed. We demonstrate that the combination of the collapse of the wave function and the consciousness of the observer will permit the observer to distinguish nonorthogonal states under some condition. This provides a principle for realizing QSC. A practical QSC scheme is given based upon the QSC principle. Some evidence of the existence of QSC is also discussed. Besides, a new space-time transformation for QSC is analyzed, and two ways to measure the preferred Lorentz frame are given.
An explanation for superluminal phenomena based on wave-particle duality of photons is suggested. A single photon may be regarded as a wave packet, whose spatial extension is its coherence volume. As a photon propagates as a wave train in vacuum, its velocity is just the speed of light. When it tunnels through a barrier as a particle, its wave function collapses and it will travel faster than light. Superluminal motion can occur only within the coherence length and the time constrained by uncertainty principle. A massive particle cannot be superluminal during the tunneling process. So superluminality does not violate causality. As for the superluminal and negative group velocities in anomalously dispersive medium, they are merely reshaping effect of the pulse, and they will become subluminal at large distances. A couple of experiments are proposed to test the superluminal phenomena.