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Chinese Physics Letters

Soliton Atom Laser with Quantum State Transfer Property

Xiong-Jun Liu, Jing Hui, Mo‐Lin Ge

Published Apr 28, 2006• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the nonlinear effects in the quantum states transfer technique from photons to matter waves in the three-level case, which may provide the formation of a soliton atom laser with nonclassical atoms. The validity of quantum transfer mechanism is confirmed in the presence of the intrinsic nonlinear atomic interactions. The accompanied frequency chirp effect is shown to have no influence on the grey solitons formed by the output atom laser and the possible quantum depletion effect is also briefly discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/23/5/033

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We study the nonlinear effects in the quantum states transfer technique from photons to matter waves in the three-level case, which may provide the formation of a soliton atom laser with nonclassical atoms. The validity of quantum transfer mechanism is confirmed in the presence of the intrinsic nonlinear atomic interactions. The accompanied frequency chirp effect is shown to have no influence on the grey solitons formed by the output atom laser and the possible quantum depletion effect is also briefly discussed.
We theoretically examine quantum state transfer from light to an interacting atomic beam, focusing on generation of soliton atom laser in the output state. This problem is an extension of the Fleischhauer-Gong scheme [M. Fleischhauer and S. Gong, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 070404 (2002)] by including the role of nonlinear atomic interactions. The transfer process of quantum state is, however, from photons to created atomic gray-soliton whose dynamics is free of the accompanied frequency chirp effect, indicating a novel scheme for soliton atom laser with nonclassical state.
Two-component entangled atom laser is obtained via quantum state transfer technique from lights to matter waves in a five-level MMM-type system. The considered atom-atom collisions can yield an effective Kerr susceptibility for this system and lead to the self- and cross- phase modulation between the two output atom lasers. This effect results in generation of entangled states of output atom lasers. Particularly, a potential application for a quantum phase gate between two individual atom lasers can be demonstrated for the case that the input quantized probe lights are both in the single-photon state.
We review recent developments in quantum and classical soliton theory, leading to the possibility of observing both classical and quantum parametric solitons in higher-dimensional environments. In particular, we consider the theory of three bosonic fields interacting via both parametric (cubic) and quartic couplings. In the case of photonic fields in a nonlinear optical medium this corresponds to the process of sum frequency generation (via (2) nonlinearity) modified by the (3) nonlinearity. Potential applications include an ultrafast photonic AND-gate. The simplest quantum solitons or energy eigenstates (bound-state solutions) of the interacting field Hamiltonian are obtained exactly in three space dimensions. They have a point-like structure - even though the corresponding classical theory is nonsingular. We show that the solutions can be regularized with the imposition of a momentum cut-off on the nonlinear couplings. The case of three-dimensional matter-wave solitons in coupled atomic/molecular Bose-Einstein condensates is discussed.
An ultracold wave packet of bosonic atoms loaded into a travelling laser wave may form a many-atom soliton. This is disturbed by a homogeneous force field, for example by the inevitable gravitation. The wave packet is accelerated and therefore the laser frequency appears to be chirped in the rest frame of the atoms. We derive the effective nonlinear Schrödinger equation. It shows a time-dependent nonlinearity coefficient which amounts to a damping or antidamping, respectively. The accelerated packet solution remains a soliton which changes its shape adiabatically. Similarly, an active shaping can be obtained in the force-free case by chirping the laser frequency thus representing a way of coherent control of the soliton form. The experimental consequences are discussed.
We present a generalized two-state theory to investigate the quantum dynamics and statistics of an atom laser with nonlinear couplings. The rotating wave approximate Hamiltonian of the system is proved to be analytically solvable. The fraction of output atoms is then showed to exhibit an interesting collapse and revival phenomenon with respect to the evolution time, a sign of nonlinear couplings. Several nonclassical effects, such as sub-Poissonian distribution, quadrature squeezing effects, second-order cross-correlation and accompanied violation of Cauchy-Schwartz inequality are also revealed for the output matter wave. The initial global phase of the trapped condensate, in weak nonlinear coupling limits, is found to exert an interesting impact on the quantum statistical properties of the propagating atom laser beam.