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Journal de physique

Resonance fluorescence from atoms in a cavity

A.S. Shumovsky, Tran Quang

Published Jan 1, 1989• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider the problem of resonance fluorescence from N two-level atoms interacting with an intense cavity mode. The novel results for the spectral and statistical properties of the fluorescence field, which are quite different from collective resonance fluorescence in a free space, are obtained. The correlation, anti-correlation between spectrum components and violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality are discussed.

DOI
10.1051/jphys:0198900500110130100

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Aug 1, 1993•25 citations
We consider the problem of resonance fluorescence from N two-level atoms interacting with an intense cavity mode. The novel results for the spectral and statistical properties of the fluorescence field, which are quite different from collective resonance fluorescence in a free space, are obtained. The correlation, anti-correlation between spectrum components and violation of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality are discussed.
We investigate correlations among photons from the components of the resonance fluorescence spectrum of a cooperative system of two-level atoms interacting with a strong field of a single-mode lossless cavity. The properties of the central band are more closely related to the superradiant effect in free space than the sidebands. The central band field has reduced fluctuations and the collective dipole has its largest uncertainty when half the atoms are initially excited. Partial atomic excitation destroys the sub-Poissonian character of the sideband field and leads to a bunching-antibunching transition in the correlation of a sideband photon followed by a central band photon.
The standard theory of resonance fluorescence is a weak-coupling theory.1 If n ¯ is the mean photon number for the driving field, g is the atom field coupling constant, and γ is the Einstein A coefficient, formally the standard theory of resonance fluorescence assumes the limit n ¯ → ∞ , g/ γ → 0, with the ratio of Rabi frequency to atomic linewidth 2 n ¯ n g / γ finite. The limit g/γ → 0 allows the variation of the Rabi frequency 2 n g across the photon number distribution of the driving field to be neglected. By placing the atom inside an optical cavity the ratio g/γ can be changed. In this paper we calculate spectra for intracavity resonance fluorescence in the strong-coupling limit g/γ ≫ 1, g/κ ≫ 1, where κ is the cavity linewidth. We consider a single two-level atom interacting on resonance with a single cavity mode driven by a resonant coherent field. The cavity subtends a small solid angle at the atom, so that the spontaneous emission into free-space modes is not negligible. We calculate the spectrum of the light transmitted by the cavity (the transmitted spectrum) and the spectrum of the light radiated by the atom into free space (the fluorescent spectrum). The transmitted and fluorescent spectra show fundamental differences from the (weak-coupling) spectrum of free-space resonance fluorescence.
We calculate the steady-state spectrum of resonance fluorescence from a two-level atom coupled to a single cavity mode and driven by a strong, in general off-resonance, external field. In the strong-coupling limit, each Mollow triplet component is split into a multiplet, whose detailed structure depends on the atom–cavity coupling, the cavity and spontaneous emission decay constants, and the photon-number distribution of the cavity mode. The dressed states for this system are identified, and the spectral features are interpreted in terms of transitions among these dressed states. In particular, we find that the central component of the central multiplet can have a strongly subnatural linewidth.