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Physical Review B

Photon statistics as a probe for exciton correlations in coupled nanostructures

Alexander Carmele, A. Knorr, Marten Richter

Published Jan 15, 2009• 36 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum light excitation of Coulomb-coupled nanostructures, such as semiconductor quantum dots or light harvesting molecules, is analyzed for fixed light intensity but different photon statistics. The theory predicts a different excitation efficiency of the exciting light (thermal, coherent, and squeezed light) on the creation of optically active excitons and biexcitons. In particular, measurable differences and a strong dependence for the creation efficiency of biexcitons on the photon statistics are obtained.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.79.035316

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Quantum light excitation of Coulomb-coupled nanostructures, such as semiconductor quantum dots or light harvesting molecules, is analyzed for fixed light intensity but different photon statistics. The theory predicts a different excitation efficiency of the exciting light (thermal, coherent, and squeezed light) on the creation of optically active excitons and biexcitons. In particular, measurable differences and a strong dependence for the creation efficiency of biexcitons on the photon statistics are obtained.
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Excitation power-dependent micro-photoluminescence spectra and photon-correlation measurement are used to study the optical properties and photon statistics of single InAs quantum dots. Exciton and biexciton emissions, whose photoluminescence intensities have linear and quadratic excitation power dependences, respectively, are identified. Under pulsed laser excitation, the zero time delay peak of second order correlation function corresponding to exciton emission is well suppressed, which is a clear evidence of single photon emission.
We investigate the intensity correlation properties of single photons emitted from an optically excited single semiconductor quantum dot. The second order temporal coherence function of the photons emitted at various wavelengths is measured as a function of the excitation power. We show experimentally and theoretically that a quantum dot is not only a source of nonclassically correlated monochromatic photons but is also a source of multicolor photons with tunable correlation properties. We found that the emitted photon statistics can be varied by the excitation rate from a sub-Poissonian one, where the photons are temporally antibunched, to super-Poissonian, where they are temporally bunched.
The peaks of exciton and biexciton from the single quantum dot (QD) micro-photoluminescence spectra are identified by observing the intensity of those peaks in relation to increasing excitation power. In order to further verify the properties of the exciton and biexciton, we perform auto- and cross correlation measurements. Using the former, we confirm the antibunching property of the signal light emitted from the single QD. Using cross correlation measurement, we verify that the exciton and biexciton emissions originate from the same QD and they are strongly correlated with each other. Lastly, we analyze the behavior of the cross correlation function in both the cases of saturated and unsaturated excitation of the QD.