The effects of amplitude, phase, and frequency fluctuations in the exciting laser field on the intensity correlation of resonance fluorescence from a single two-level atom are investigated. Numerical results are presented for both weak and strong excitation with narrow-band and broadband laser fields having Lorentzian or Gaussian line shapes.

Physical Review AJan 1, 19846 citations

Optics Communications

Intensity correlations in resonance fluorescence excited by intense incoherent fields

A. T. Georges

Published Aug 1, 1981• 14 citations

Publisher

DOI: 10.1016/0030-4018(81)90398-9

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Hanle fluorescence spectra of an atom with a Jg =0⇆ Je =1 transition

Peng Zhou, S. Swain

We have investigated the two basic types of Hanle fluorescence spectra, distinguished by the direction of observation, from a V-type atom with a ${\mathrm{J}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ =0\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows} ${\mathrm{J}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ =1 transition excited by a linearly polarized laser. In the absence of a magnetic field to lift the Zeeman degeneracy of the sublevels, the incoherent fluorescence spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}) is dark for all Rabi frequencies, while the incoherent fluorescence spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}) exhibits a single peak for small Rabi frequencies and a Mollow-like triplet for large Rabi frequencies. However, if a magnetic field is applied, the incoherent spectra are composed, in general, of five peaks. When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ \ensuremath{\ll}\ensuremath{\Omega}, the incoherent spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}) has four peaks, while ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}) has a Mollow-like triplet, and the integrated area (i.e., the fluorescence intensity) under the spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}) is much less than that of ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}). When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ \ensuremath{\gg}:\ensuremath{\Omega}, both incoherent spectra have a two-peak structure similar to that of a two-level atom far off resonance, but the integrated area under the spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}) is much greater than that of ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$ (\ensuremath{\omega}). When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ =\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\gg}:\ensuremath{\gamma}, both spectra have a similar five-peak structure, and the same integrated area. The results obtained are interpreted in the dressed atomic state representation. In the strong-field limit, the secular approximation is invoked, and analytical expressions of the resonance fluorescence spectra are derived which demonstrate the dependence of the peak heights and widths of the resonance fluorescence spectra on the intensities of the magnetic and linear polarized laser fields in a more transparent way.We have investigated the two basic types of Hanle fluorescence spectra, distinguished by the direction of observation, from a V-type atom with a ${\mathrm{J}}_{\mathrm{g}}$ =0\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}${\mathrm{J}}_{\mathrm{e}}$ =1 transition excited by a linearly polarized laser. In the absence of a magnetic field to lift the Zeeman degeneracy of the sublevels, the incoherent fluorescence spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}) is dark for all Rabi frequencies, while the incoherent fluorescence spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}) exhibits a single peak for small Rabi frequencies and a Mollow-like triplet for large Rabi frequencies. However, if a magnetic field is applied, the incoherent spectra are composed, in general, of five peaks. When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ \ensuremath{\ll}\ensuremath{\Omega}, the incoherent spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}) has four peaks, while ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}) has a Mollow-like triplet, and the integrated area (i.e., the fluorescence intensity) under the spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}) is much less than that of ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}). When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ \ensuremath{\gg}:\ensuremath{\Omega}, both incoherent spectra have a two-peak structure similar to that of a two-level atom far off resonance, but the integrated area under the spectrum ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}) is much greater than that of ${\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}$(\ensuremath{\omega}). When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ =\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\gg}:\ensuremath{\gamma}, both spectra have a similar five-peak structure, and the same integrated area. The results obtained are interpreted in the dressed atomic state representation. In the strong-field limit, the secular approximation is invoked, and analytical expressions of the resonance fluorescence spectra are derived which demonstrate the dependence of the peak heights and widths of the resonance fluorescence spectra on the intensities of the magnetic and linear polarized laser fields in a more transparent way.

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Effects of laser-field fluctuations on the intensity correlation of resonance fluorescence

S. N. Dixit, A. T. Georges

Physical Review AJan 1, 19846 citations

The fluorescence light emitted by a four-level system in

J=1∕2

J=1∕2

configuration driven by a monochromatic laser field and in an external magnetic field is studied. We show that the spectrum of resonance fluorescence emitted on the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ transitions shows a signature of spontaneously generated interference effects. The degree of interference in the fluorescence spectrum can be controlled by means of the external magnetic field, provided that the Land\'e

g

factors of the excited and the ground state doublet are different. For a suitably chosen magnetic field strength, the relative weight of the Rayleigh line can be completely suppressed, even for low intensities of the coherent driving field. The incoherent fluorescence spectrum emitted on the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ transitions exhibits a very narrow peak whose width and weight depend on the magnetic field strength. We demonstrate that the spectrum of resonance fluorescence emitted on the $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ transitions shows an indirect signature of interference. A measurement of the relative peak heights in the spectrum from the $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ transitions allows us to determine the branching ratio of the spontaneous decay of each excited state into the $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ channel.

We have investigated the two basic types of Hanle fluorescence spectra, distinguished by the direction of observation, from a V-type atom with a

{\mathrm{J}}_{\mathrm{g}}

=0\ensuremath{\leftrightarrows}

{\mathrm{J}}_{\mathrm{e}}

=1 transition excited by a linearly polarized laser. In the absence of a magnetic field to lift the Zeeman degeneracy of the sublevels, the incoherent fluorescence spectrum

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}) is dark for all Rabi frequencies, while the incoherent fluorescence spectrum

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}) exhibits a single peak for small Rabi frequencies and a Mollow-like triplet for large Rabi frequencies. However, if a magnetic field is applied, the incoherent spectra are composed, in general, of five peaks. When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ \ensuremath{\ll}\ensuremath{\Omega}, the incoherent spectrum

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}) has four peaks, while

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}) has a Mollow-like triplet, and the integrated area (i.e., the fluorescence intensity) under the spectrum

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}) is much less than that of

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}). When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ \ensuremath{\gg}:\ensuremath{\Omega}, both incoherent spectra have a two-peak structure similar to that of a two-level atom far off resonance, but the integrated area under the spectrum

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{X}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}) is much greater than that of

{\mathrm{G}}_{\mathrm{Y}}^{\mathrm{inc}}

(\ensuremath{\omega}). When ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathrm{B}}$ =\ensuremath{\Omega}\ensuremath{\gg}:\ensuremath{\gamma}, both spectra have a similar five-peak structure, and the same integrated area. The results obtained are interpreted in the dressed atomic state representation. In the strong-field limit, the secular approximation is invoked, and analytical expressions of the resonance fluorescence spectra are derived which demonstrate the dependence of the peak heights and widths of the resonance fluorescence spectra on the intensities of the magnetic and linear polarized laser fields in a more transparent way.