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Physical Review A

Dynamical algebraic connection between the Stark and Kerr effects

J. L. Gruver, J. Aliaga

Published Sep 1, 1997• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that the Stark and Kerr Hamiltonians are deeply connected in the framework of dynamical algebras. We found that the algebras for both Hamiltonians are the same when physically relevant magnitudes, such as the population inversion and the $n$th order coherence function are considered as elements of a Lie algebra under commutation with the Hamiltonians. By analyzing the equations of motion we were able to find a set of conditions for the characteristic magnitudes of both Hamiltonians that leads to the same dynamical behavior for all the elements of the group. Finally, we conclude that the results of this paper can be generalized to any extension of the Jaynes-Cummings model, where any of the different elements of the group are present.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.56.2473

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We show that the Stark and Kerr Hamiltonians are deeply connected in the framework of dynamical algebras. We found that the algebras for both Hamiltonians are the same when physically relevant magnitudes, such as the population inversion and the nnnth order coherence function are considered as elements of a Lie algebra under commutation with the Hamiltonians. By analyzing the equations of motion we were able to find a set of conditions for the characteristic magnitudes of both Hamiltonians that leads to the same dynamical behavior for all the elements of the group. Finally, we conclude that the results of this paper can be generalized to any extension of the Jaynes-Cummings model, where any of the different elements of the group are present.
In this paper a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model interacting with a Kerr-like medium is studied. It is assumed that the electromagnetic field is in different states such as coherent, squeezed vacuum and pair coherent, and that the atom is initially in the excited state. The temporal evolution of the population of the excited level, and the second-order coherence function are studied. The results obtained show that this system has some similarities with the two-mode Stark system. Two photon entanglement are analysed at different initial conditions.
In this paper a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model interacting with a Kerr-like medium is studied. It is assumed that the electromagnetic field is in different states such as coherent, squeezed vacuum and pair coherent, and that the atom is initially in the excited state. The temporal evolution of the population of the excited level, and the second-order coherence function are studied. The results obtained show that this system has some similarities with the two-mode Stark system. Two photon entanglement are analysed at different initial conditions.
We present a general qubit-boson interaction Hamiltonian that describes the Jaynes-Cummings model and its extensions as a single Hamiltonian class. Our model includes non-linear processes for both the free qubit and boson field as well as non-linear, multi-boson excitation exchange between them. It shows an underlying algebra with supersymmetric quantum mechanics features allowing an operator based diagonalization that simplifies the calculations of observables. As a practical example, we show the evolution of the population inversion and the boson quadratures for an initial state consisting of the qubit in the ground state interacting with a coherent field for a selection of cases covering the standard Jaynes-Cummings model and some of its extensions including Stark shift, Kerr-like, intensity dependent coupling, multi-boson exchange and algebraic deformations.
A generalization of the time-dependent Jaynes–Cummings Hamiltonian is considered including nonlinear terms in the field and/or an intensity-dependent coupling term. Using algebraic methods we find the corresponding time evolution operator of the problem as a product of exponential operators. Also, we study the effect of the atomic motion in the cavity on its quantum state. We found that, when the atom is vibrating classically with a small amplitude A0 (in comparison with the effective length of the cavity L), i.e. A0 ≪ L, the effects of the atom’s motion are negligible but when A0 ∼ L/4, the state of the atom changes drastically. Our study is devoted to a Jaynes–Cummings Hamiltonian with an additional Kerr medium.
Based on fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, we present a method for a rigorous analytic construction of the spectra of the one- and two-photon Jaynes-Cummings models in a Kerr medium. To obtain an idea of the method, we consider a first generalized Jaynes-Cummings model with a real, linear superpotential using techniques of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. The Hamiltonian of this model is written as a combination of operators generating the underlying superalgebra whose elements are defined as differential matrix operators. Based on the formalism of supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the properties of sets of common observables, we derive solutions of the one- and two-photon models expressed in terms of confluent hypergeometric functions. Finally, using numerical analysis, we study the influence of the Kerr effect on the energy spectra of the physical system.