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Physical Review Letters

Stimulated Light Emission by Optical Pumping and by Energy Transfer in Organic Molecules

D.J. Morantz, B. G. White, A. J. C. Wright

Published Jan 1, 1962• 23 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.8.23

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This work explores the feasibility of inducing lasing action in a single dye molecule using an optical microcavity. A single-molecule light source is proposed, in which a microcavity-coupled dye molecule is pumped by multiple energy donors via an intermolecular resonance energy transfer mechanism. A quantitative model based on realistic parameters for microcavities and for organic dyes shows that stimulated emission may become dominant over spontaneous fluorescence under optimal yet technically reachable conditions, suggesting the likelihood of achieving a single-molecule lasing photon source with the proposed device. Lasing of a single dye molecule generates signals much brighter than spontaneous fluorescence, and may find applications in a wide range of fields from physics and chemistry to biology.
Stimulated emission of light has been demonstrated using aromatic organic molecules in a rigid glass matrix, e.g., acetophenone, benzaldehyde, benzophenone, α-bromonaphthalene, and pyrazine. This system is compared with the inorganic crystalline light masers. The experimental technique is described. Characteristic properties of the emitted light are given in detail and discussed. The conditions for achieving the stimulated emission threshold are described. The possibility of orienting molecules in a maser cell is proposed.
Experimental data on the amplification of polarized light in optical quantum amplifiers utilizing laserpumped dyes show that, in general, the polarization of the amplified light differs from that of the light being amplified. A theory is put forward whereby this effect is related to the anisotropy of the stimulated emission characteristic of complex organic molecules and is interpreted as a difference between the polarizations of the stimulated emission and stimulating radiation. The complex polarizability tensor is used as the main optical characteristic of complex molecules. The possibility of using the difference between the polarizations of the stimulated emission and stimulating radiation to produce light-amplifying polarizers and optical switches is indicated.