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Physical Review A

Controlled source of entangled photonic qubits

C. Saavedra, Klaus M. Gheri, Päivi Törmä, J. I. Cirac, P. Zoller

Published May 17, 2000• 25 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider a general proposal for generating a train of entangled single-photon wavepackets. The photons are created inside a resonator via an interaction with an active medium. In the course of the generation process photons are transferred to the continuum outside the resonator through cavity loss. We show that wave packets generated in this way can be regarded as independent logical qubits. This and the possibility of producing strong entanglement between the qubits suggests many applications in quantum communication. We give a specific example in the context of cavity QED and show that undesired decoherence effects can be efficiently reduced in the considered scheme.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.61.062311

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We consider a general proposal for generating a train of entangled single-photon wavepackets. The photons are created inside a resonator via an interaction with an active medium. In the course of the generation process photons are transferred to the continuum outside the resonator through cavity loss. We show that wave packets generated in this way can be regarded as independent logical qubits. This and the possibility of producing strong entanglement between the qubits suggests many applications in quantum communication. We give a specific example in the context of cavity QED and show that undesired decoherence effects can be efficiently reduced in the considered scheme.
We present a scheme of control for the arbitrary interplay between a stationary qubit and a flying qubit (carried by a single-photon wavepacket) at a quantum interface composed of a three-level system coupled to a continuum through a cavity. It can be used for generation or reception of an arbitrarily shaped single-photon wavepacket. The generation process can also be controlled to create entanglement between the stationary qubit and flying qubit. The generation and reception operation can be combined to perform quantum network operations such as transfer, swap and entanglement creation for qubits at distant nodes.
We propose a dot-cavity-waveguide coupled system as a quantum interface for stationary spin qubits and flying photon qubits. The exact solution to the dynamics of the interface is given which allows the generation or reception of an arbitrarily designated wave-packet of a single photon. Such control can be used for realizing operations such as quantum state transfer, entanglement swapping or deterministic entanglement creation in a quantum network. The interface can also be used as a deterministic source and an efficient detector of a single photon wavepacket with an arbitrarily specified shape and average photon number.
The generation and control of quantum states of spatially-separated qubits distributed in different cavities constitute fundamental tasks in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED). An interesting question in this context is how to prepare entanglement and realize quantum information transfer between qubits located at different cavities, which are important in large-scale quantum information processing. In this paper, we consider a physical system consisting of two cavities and three qubits. Two of the qubits are placed in two different cavities while the remaining one acts as a coupler, which is used to connect the two cavities. We propose an approach for generating quantum entanglement and implementing quantum information transfer between the two spatially-separated inter-cavity qubits. The quantum operations involved in this proposal are performed by a virtual photon process; thus the cavity decay is greatly suppressed during operations. In addition, to complete these tasks, only one coupler qubit and one operation step are needed. Moreover, there is no need to apply classical pulses, so that the engineering complexity is much reduced and the operation procedure is greatly simplified. Finally, our numerical results illustrate that high-fidelity implementation of this proposal using superconducting phase qubits and one-dimensional transmission line resonators is feasible for current circuit QED implementations. This proposal can also be applied to other types of superconducting qubits, including flux and charge qubits.