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IEEE Transactions on Magnetics

Static interferometer characteristics with many equal Josephson junctions

R. Simons, W. Jutzi, H. Beha

Published Jan 1, 1983• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Flux quantum states (FQS) of interferometers with up to ten equal Josephson point junctions are characterized in the phase and current plane. Their symmetry properties are derived. Simple formulas are given to design interferometers being equivalent to uniformly distributed Josephson junctions.
DOI
10.1109/tmag.1983.1062229

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The operation of a constant-current quantum interferometer with two Josephson junctions is studied in a system for measuring small changes in a magnetic field with low-frequency modulation of the magnetic flux. Idealized theoretical signal characteristics are found together with their dependence on the operating mode and parameters of a SQUID. These characteristics are used in Pt. II (ref. 12) to determine the minimal detectable change in the magnetic flux, which characterizes the maximal sensitivity of a SQUID.
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Several models, both static and dynamic, for calculating the maximum dc Josephson current versus external magnetic field “characteristic” of tunnel junctions of various geometries are described. The static models have the advantage of short computation times; the dynamic models, although slower, yield additional information on circuit-switching times. The dependence of the characteristics on the junction shape is described. The accuracy of a one-dimensional approximation used in the models has been tested experimentally, and theoretically against a two-dimensional approximation. In both cases, the one-dimensional treatment yields quantitatively good agreement provided the inductance of the junction is included in the model. Junctions defined by an oxide “window” of sinusoidal shape (maximum and minimum width at the center and ends, respectively) have a characteristic in which the side lobes are almost completely suppressed. The characteristics of a wide variety of junction shapes, including interferometers having two or more junctions, have been accurately calculated, permitting the design of devices for specific purposes.