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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Observation of the widening and shifting of EIT windows in a quasi-degenerate two-level atomic system

Yabin Dong, Junxiang Zhang, Haihong Wang, Jiangrui Gao

Published Aug 14, 2006• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Widening and shifting the EIT windows in a closed transition F e = 2 ↔ F g = 3 driven by linearly polarized coupling lights and probed by circularly polarized lights are observed in Cs vapour. It is shown that by increasing the strength of magnetic field i.e. Zeeman splitting in the upper and lower levels, the electromagnetically induced transparency window is divided into two windows and the EIT maxima are shifted away from the zero detuning. In the contrast, if the strength of the magnetic field is fixed and the Rabi frequency of coupling beam is increased, the two EIT windows become wider, and the gap between the two EIT windows becomes smaller and smaller. These effects are also theoretically discussed and they are qualitatively in agreement with the theoretical results.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/39/17/003

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We have investigated electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in two different $\Lambda$-systems in $^{87}Rb$ atom in $D_{2}$ line transitions. It is found that observed EIT signals in both the systems (A) ($|5^{2}S_{1/2} F=1\rangle \rightarrow |5^{2}P_{3/2} F'=1\rangle \leftarrow |5^{2}S_{1/2} F=2\rangle$) and (B) ($|5^{2}S_{1/2} F=1\rangle \rightarrow |5^{2}P_{3/2} F'=2\rangle \leftarrow |5^{2}S_{1/2} F=2\rangle$) have different strength and lineshape which are dependent on coupling beam power. For a given coupling beam power, the EIT signal with $\Lambda$-system (B) has more symmetric lineshape and greater strength than that obtained with system (A). The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the results of a six-level theoretical model. We have further investigated EIT in both these $\Lambda$-systems in presence of applied longitudinal magnetic field and observed that separation between Zeeman split-EIT peaks increased linearly with the strength of the magnetic field. At a fixed value of applied magnetic field, the strength of Zeeman split-EIT peaks in both the $\Lambda$-systems increases with increase in coupling beam power. In presence of magnetic field and at higher coupling power, the observed EIT signals (central peaks) have higher slope than that of signals obtained in absence of magnetic field. These studies establish that $\Lambda$-system (B) is more useful than $\Lambda$-system (A) from applications point of view.

•May 3, 2017•0 citations
Widening and shifting the EIT windows in a closed transition F e = 2 ↔ F g = 3 driven by linearly polarized coupling lights and probed by circularly polarized lights are observed in Cs vapour. It is shown that by increasing the strength of magnetic field i.e. Zeeman splitting in the upper and lower levels, the electromagnetically induced transparency window is divided into two windows and the EIT maxima are shifted away from the zero detuning. In the contrast, if the strength of the magnetic field is fixed and the Rabi frequency of coupling beam is increased, the two EIT windows become wider, and the gap between the two EIT windows becomes smaller and smaller. These effects are also theoretically discussed and they are qualitatively in agreement with the theoretical results.
For a closed transition Fe = 1 ↔ Fg = 2 driven by linearly polarized light and probed by circularly polarized light, quantum coherence effects induced by the Zeeman sublevels belonging to the different states are investigated. When the Zeeman splitting Δe of the excited level is larger than the Zeeman splitting Δg of the ground level, by increasing the drive Raby frequency, only the widening of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window with positive dispersion is found. In the opposite case, i.e. Δe ≤ Δg, in a moderate drive Rabi frequency, electromagnetically induced absorption with negative dispersion is obtained due to the shifting of the transparency points. Moreover, for the case of Δe ≤ Δg, a transition from subluminal to superluminal light propagation is predicted at the zero pump–probe detuning.
The wealth of quantum coherence effects depending on the orientation of external magnetic field, the polarization of coupling and probe lights, and the Rabi frequency of the coupling beam are studied in transition ${F}_{e}=2\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}{F}_{g}=3$ of Cs D2{\mathrm{D}}_{2}D2​ line. The split of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances on two or three resonances determined by the different combination of the polarization of interaction lights and the direction of applied magnetic fields is obtained. The shifting and widening of the EIT resonances with the strength of the magnetic field (i.e., Zeeman splitting in the upper and lower levels) and Rabi frequency of the coupling beam increasing are also discussed. It may develop into the potential application for tunable multichannel optical information storage. On the other hand, an explanation of observed asymmetry of spectra by laser frequency offset from the optical resonance is given with theoretical calculation, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.
We investigate both theoretically and experimentally the electro- magnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon of atomic 87Rb at the room temperature with a static magnetic field lifting the degeneracy of all three involved hyperfine levels. Two collinearly propagating and linearly polarized laser fields (a probe field and a coupling field) are used to couple one hyperfine level (the upper level) of the 5P1/2 state to two hyperfine levels (the lower levels) of the 5S1/2 state, respectively. In the case of zero magnetic fields, we observed a deep EIT window with the contrast of about 66%. Here, the EIT window width is limited by both the spontaneous decay rate of the upper level and the coupling field intensity. When a magnetic field parallel to both laser beams is applied, the EIT window is split into three much narrower sub-windows with contrasts of about 32%. If the magnetic field is perpendicular to the laser beams, however, the EIT window is split into four much narrower sub-windows whose contrasts are 32% or 16%. This is because the decomposition of the linearly polarized optical fields strongly depends on the orientation of the used magnetic field. The underlying physics is that, in the limit of a weak probe field, an ideal degenerate three-level system can be split into three or four sets of independent three-level systems by a magnetic field due to the lifting of magnetic sublevels of the involved hyperfine levels. In this paper the absorption spectra corresponding to different magnetic field directions are clearly shown and compared. And a straightforward but effective theoretical method for analyzing the experimental results is put forward. Our theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results.
We investigate the quantum coherence effects of a closed transition F e = 1 ↔ F g = 0 driven by transverse linearly polarized light field (with [sgrave] ± components) and probed by another transverse, linearly polarized light field. Owing to the competition of two-photon gain and single-photon absorption, the absorption spectrum is shown as a combination of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Mollow absorption spectrum (MAS). In the degenerate case, the MAS covers the EIT window at the pump-probe detuning centre. In the magnetic field, two single-photon absorption peaks inside the EIT windows appear when the drive Rabi frequency is smaller than the Zeeman splitting while, when the Rabi frequency is larger than the Zeeman splitting, we find four emission peaks due to the two-photon gain. A transition from positive to negative dispersion is obtained, which means a shift between the subluminal and superluminal group velocities.
We study the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb vapor at the temperature of 325K325\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}325K in a magnetic field. Two linearly polarized orthogonal laser fields act on two dipole-allowed transitions of the D1D1D1 line of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb in the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration, respectively. In the absence of magnetic fields, we observe a wide EIT window with the contrast of about 66% while when the magnetic field is applied, the wide EIT window is split into three or four narrower subwindows with contrasts of 32% or 16% due to the lifting of magnetic sublevels' degeneracy. The number of EIT subwindows depends on the magnetic field orientation. Our theoretical simulations and analysis are in good agreement with the experimental results.
Studies on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Λ\LambdaΛ-systems in 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atom
We have investigated electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in two different Λ\LambdaΛ-systems in 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb atom in D2D_{2}D2​ line transitions. It is found that observed EIT signals in both the systems (A) (∣52S1/2F=1⟩→∣52P3/2F′=1⟩←∣52S1/2F=2⟩|5^{2}S_{1/2} F=1\rangle \rightarrow |5^{2}P_{3/2} F'=1\rangle \leftarrow |5^{2}S_{1/2} F=2\rangle∣52S1/2​F=1⟩→∣52P3/2​F′=1⟩←∣52S1/2​F=2⟩) and (B) (∣52S1/2F=1⟩→∣52P3/2F′=2⟩←∣52S1/2F=2⟩|5^{2}S_{1/2} F=1\rangle \rightarrow |5^{2}P_{3/2} F'=2\rangle \leftarrow |5^{2}S_{1/2} F=2\rangle∣52S1/2​F=1⟩→∣52P3/2​F′=2⟩←∣52S1/2​F=2⟩) have different strength and lineshape which are dependent on coupling beam power. For a given coupling beam power, the EIT signal with Λ\LambdaΛ-system (B) has more symmetric lineshape and greater strength than that obtained with system (A). The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the results of a six-level theoretical model. We have further investigated EIT in both these Λ\LambdaΛ-systems in presence of applied longitudinal magnetic field and observed that separation between Zeeman split-EIT peaks increased linearly with the strength of the magnetic field. At a fixed value of applied magnetic field, the strength of Zeeman split-EIT peaks in both the Λ\LambdaΛ-systems increases with increase in coupling beam power. In presence of magnetic field and at higher coupling power, the observed EIT signals (central peaks) have higher slope than that of signals obtained in absence of magnetic field. These studies establish that Λ\LambdaΛ-system (B) is more useful than Λ\LambdaΛ-system (A) from applications point of view.