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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Saturation of the absorption of light by an atom captured in a trap

Е. А. Титов

Published Nov 30, 1984• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A nonlinear (in respect of the field) correction is found to the cross section for the absorption of light by a trapped atom. When the line half-width is much less than the frequency of vibrations of an atom in a trap, this correction is smaller compared with an untrapped atom by a factor which is equal to the Doppler width divided by the frequency of the atomic vibrations.

DOI
10.1070/qe1984v014n11abeh006503

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A nonlinear (in respect of the field) correction is found to the cross section for the absorption of light by a trapped atom. When the line half-width is much less than the frequency of vibrations of an atom in a trap, this correction is smaller compared with an untrapped atom by a factor which is equal to the Doppler width divided by the frequency of the atomic vibrations.
The two-photon absorption line profile in a standing wave field is found for particles captured in a three-dimensional trap. When the transverse dimension of the optical beam is comparable with the size of the trap, transit broadening is eliminated and the line profile is that of a resonance having the homogeneous width. For optical beams of small dimensions, homogeneous-width resonances occur in the line profile if the frequency of the ion oscillations in the trap is greater than the homogeneous width.
Zeeman split takes place for the hyperfine level structure of neutral atoms where magnetic field exists. In addition, being excited by right circularly polarized light and left circularly polarized light, atoms obey different transition rules. So, the absorption peak between the hyperfine Zeeman level shifts with respect to the absorption peak without magnetic field. Accordingly, the authors demonstrated a kind of simple and flexible method to stabilize the frequency of diode laser. The linewidth of diode laser was reduced to less than 1 MHz using this method. Through analyzing the experiment results, the authors found that when the sum of both shifts of the hyperfine level of atoms excited by right circularly polarized light and left circularly polarized light was equal to the FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum) of the saturated absorption peak, the laser frequency was stabilized best.
Abstract The sub-Doppler absorption and fluorescence spectra at the frequencies of D1- and D2-line transitions in Cs atomic vapor, enclosed in a nanocell (NC) with a thickness L ~ 400 nm, have been investigated experimentally at a near-room temperature. It is shown that a decrease in the NC temperature to 35°C causes narrowing of the absorption lines to values smaller than the Doppler width by a factor of 6, due to which the strong spectral broadening induced by laser field can be measured. The high intensity threshold for optical pumping (which limits the fluorescence intensity in centimeter-length cells) made it possible to record fluorescence spectra (using laser power of several milliwatts) at a temperature of 20°C; thus, a frequency marker of transitions in the range of D1,2 lines can be developed based on a room-temperature NC. A comparison with a widely used marker based on saturated absorption is performed.