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Optics and Spectroscopy

Coherent atomic-beam splitter under multizone Raman excitation in the field of standing waves

Yu. D. Selishcheva, Yu. V. Rozhdestvenskii

Published Apr 1, 2005• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An efficient atomic-beam splitter on the basis of interaction of the wave packet of a three-level atom with the field of standing light waves having the relative spatial shift ϕ = π/2 is studied. It is shown that, when several zones of interaction with the field of optical radiation are used, a splitting equal to 2 n ℏ k ( n is the number of zones of interaction) in each of the lower states of the three-level Λ atom can be reached.

DOI
10.1134/1.1914897

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Physical Review A•Sep 1, 1995•11 citations
An efficient atomic-beam splitter on the basis of interaction of the wave packet of a three-level atom with the field of standing light waves having the relative spatial shift ϕ = π/2 is studied. It is shown that, when several zones of interaction with the field of optical radiation are used, a splitting equal to 2 n ℏ k ( n is the number of zones of interaction) in each of the lower states of the three-level Λ atom can be reached.
Control in multi-zone atomic beam splitters needs for the practical realization of nanoscale lithography by coherent scattering of the atoms. We propose an effective atomic beam splitter based on the interaction of three-level atom with the field of the standing optical waves having relative spatial shifts. It is shown, that using of several interaction zones of the standing waves having the different spatial shift it make possible to reach the splitting 2n/spl planck/k (where n is the number of zone) in each of lower three-level /spl Lambda/-atom state.
A multizone excitation of a double Λ-system with three lower and two excited states (the so-called M -atom) by an optical radiation field is presented. It is shown that the Raman excitation of such a system can be used to implement an effective atomic beam splitter in one of the lower states. The advantage of the scheme under consideration is that the formation of a space lattice of the atomic density takes place when the atomic system interacts only with the optical radiation field and does not require any additional efforts to select the internal states in which such spatial structures are formed.
The diffraction of the wave packet of a three-level atom in a multifrequency optical radiation field is studied. A new type of coherent beam splitter for atoms that employs the scattering of a wave packet in the field of four standing light waves with different spatial shifts is proposed on this basis. It is shown that this interaction scheme makes it possible to obtain large splittings (>100ℏ k ) of the wave packet of a three-level Λ atom in momentum space into only two coherent components. In addition, the atoms in these coherent components are in long-lived atomic states, which substantially simplifies the experimental implementation of such a splitter.
A new method of realizing coherent split of atomic wave packet has been presented in this paper. Due to using Doppler effect and stimulated Raman transition, it Can be applied directly in thermal atomic beam and only needs a single-frequency standing wave laser field. Theoretical analyses show that of both atoms and light field meet some conditions, atomic wave packet will be split coherently after interaction. Finally,the experiment of the atomic beam splitter by using this method is described. The results are in good agreement with the theoretical predication.
We investigate schemes for the clean splitting of beams of three-level atoms using two standing-wave laser fields within an optical cavity. The proposed beam splitter is shown to work for atoms in the \ensuremath{\Lambda} ladder, and ssV configurations. For appropriate values of Rabi frequencies and detunings, we obtain a triangular type of potential for the atomic states of interest. As well as modeling the coherent evolution of the systems, we have used quantum Monte Carlo wave-function methods to model the effects of spontaneous emission on the resulting diffraction pattern, finding significant differences between the three configurations. We also investigate the limits of the Raman-Nath approximation for our systems, using the symmetric split-operator technique to include the effects of the kinetic term in the Hamiltonian. We also present the results of calculations in which the split output beams are recombined, demonstrating the expected interference for differently prepared input beams. In comparison with two-level beam splitters using a single standing wave, we obtain a superior splitting, while, in comparison with magneto-optical beam splitters, our system possesses the worthwhile practical advantages of experimental simplicity.