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Physical Review A

Resonance fringes in the two-photon absorption with a Doppler shift

Ming Chiang Li

Published Sep 1, 1980• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The two-photon absorption initiated by two coherent beams is considered. It is shown that the resonance fringe variation, which appeared in the Doppler-free two-photon absorption of pulsed laser beams, can also be observed in absorption with a Doppler shift.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.22.1323

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Using two coherent time-delayed short pulses, we have demonstrated that one can obtain, in the profile of Doppler-free two-photon resonances, interference fringes with a splitting 12T\frac{1}{2T}2T1​ (TTT, delay time between the two pulses) much smaller than the spectral width $\frac{1}{\ensuremath{\tau}}$ of each pulse ($\ensuremath{\tau}$ duration of each pulse). This method should lead to a number of important improvements in the presently available techniques of ultrahigh-resolution laser spectroscopy of atoms and molecules.
We have studied Doppler-free two-photon excitation of atoms with a train of phase-coherent standing-wave light pulses, originating from the same laser pulse. Quantum interference effects produce narrow spectral fringes which have a physical origin similar to that of Ramsey fringes. Linewidths much less than the Fourier-transform limit of an individual light pulse have been observed for the sodium $3S\ensuremath{-}5S$ transition; and a dramatic enhancement of the resonant signal is possible.
For pt.I see ibid., vol.8, p.1795 (1975) where the theory of Doppler-free two-photon transitions was discussed for the case of one single laser frequency. Here, the effects of two different frequencies are considered. When the residual Doppler width of the two-photon transition is less than the natural linewidth, the previous results are essentially regained. For large residual Doppler shifts, the absorption profile is a power-broadened Lorentzian if the frequency of the probe field is larger than the frequency of the strong field. In the opposite case, the absorption peak splits because of the AC Stark effect. The high-intensity distortions are minimized when equal frequencies can be used. Power-dependent shifts do not ordinarily occur with a resonantly tuned intermediate level. Some modifications of the spectra are introduced by phase-disturbing collisions.