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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Influence of the spectral width and statistics of a Stokes signal on the efficiency of stimulated Raman scattering of nonmonochromatic pump radiation

G. P. Dzhotyan, Yu E D'yakov, Iosif G. Zubarev, A B Mironov, С И Михайлов

Published Jun 30, 1977• 34 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A theoretical and experimental investigation was made of the amplification of a Stokes signal in a multimode pump field when the ratio of the spectral widths of the interacting fields was varied. In the pump intensity range I p < I cr ( I cr was a critical intensity) the gain increment was considerably less than the static value and it was governed entirely by the spectral distributions of the pump and Stokes signal. In the range I p > I cr the gain increment tended to the static value. An anomalous scatter of the Raman amplifier gain was observed experimentally for Δ ν s ≈Δ ν p ≫Δ ν l (Δ ν s ,Δ ν p , and Δ ν l were the line widths of the Stokes signal, pump, and spontaneous stimulated Raman scattering). A theory developed for the purpose indicated that the scatter was observed because the phase relationships between the interacting waves at the input into the medium varied from one measurement to another.

DOI
10.1070/qe1977v007n06abeh012901

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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Oct 31, 1980•1 citation
A theoretical and experimental investigation was made of the amplification of a Stokes signal in a multimode pump field when the ratio of the spectral widths of the interacting fields was varied. In the pump intensity range I p < I cr ( I cr was a critical intensity) the gain increment was considerably less than the static value and it was governed entirely by the spectral distributions of the pump and Stokes signal. In the range I p > I cr the gain increment tended to the static value. An anomalous scatter of the Raman amplifier gain was observed experimentally for Δ ν s ≈Δ ν p ≫Δ ν l (Δ ν s ,Δ ν p , and Δ ν l were the line widths of the Stokes signal, pump, and spontaneous stimulated Raman scattering). A theory developed for the purpose indicated that the scatter was observed because the phase relationships between the interacting waves at the input into the medium varied from one measurement to another.
An analysis is made of the laws governing amplification of the Stokes wave in stimulated Raman scattering (STRS) in a dispersive medium for different models of wide-band pump radiation. An accurate solution of the STRS equations is obtained for pump radiation having a quadratically time-modulated phase. It is shown that for pump radiation for which the width of the instantaneous frequency spectrum is much less than the Raman scattering line width, the laws governing amplification of the Stokes wave differ substantially from those predicted by statistical STRS theory. Solutions of STRS equations in a dispersive medium are found for a model of temporally periodic pump radiation having a high intermode beat frequency.
A theoretical analysis is made of the problem of parallel amplification of the Stokes signal in a nonmonochromatic spatially inhomogeneous pump field in stimulated Raman scattering. Expressions are obtained for the spatial and temporal characteristics of the process of amplification of the Stokes signal. It is shown that in the course of amplification the slowly varying amplitude of the Stokes signal field becomes similar to the slowly varying amplitude of the pump field. The relationships obtained apply also, subject to certain restrictions, to other types of scattering.
A model is developed for the description of stimulated Raman scattering. This model allows for changes in the level populations due to radiative transitions and it can be used also for an arbitrary detuning of the pump radiation from the center of a line of an atom in the active medium. A study is made of the conversion of wide-band laser radiation into a Stokes signal. It is shown that this conversion is quite efficient and the Stokes signal gain corresponds to coherent scattering. This result is related to the matching of the phases of the pump and Stokes signals. Numerical investigations carried out using this model under the experimental conditions described elsewhere give results in agreement with the experimental data.
An analysis is made of the influence of the width of the pump line on the stimulated scattering in Fabry–Perot and ring resonators which are tuned both to the pump frequency and to the frequency of the Stokes component. It is shown that the excitation threshold of the stimulated scattering in dispersion-free media is independent of the width of the pump line, because of the parametric interaction between the modes, whereas in media with a considerable dispersion the threshold is Δω p /Δω sp greater than the stimulated emission threshold under monochromatic pumping conditions (the subscripts "p" and "sp" refer to the pump wave and to the spontaneous Raman scattering). Analytic expressions are given for the amplitudes of the pump and Stokes fields at the excitation threshold and under steady-state conditions.
The cross-correlation function between the pump and Stokes intensities in stimulated Raman scattering has been measured. It has previously been conjectured 1 and theoretically shown2 that the Stokes light generated in the presence of a multimode or broadband pump is generated with mode amplitudes and phases in perfect correlation with those of the pump. We present here experimental evidence of such cross correlations for scattering in hydrogen gas. The measurement technique used is the same as that previously used for measuring the intensity autocorrelation function of a multimode dye laser.3 This technique is based on detecting the frequency doubled light from a nonlinear crystal as a function of time delay between the pump and Stokes beams. We have performed cross-correlation measurements using as a pump the light from a multimode dye laser which is operated in two different cavity configurations: one in which the mode spacing Δυ is large compared with the spontaneous linewidth of the Raman transition Γ, Δυ > Γ; and one in which the mode spacing is small, Δυ < Γ.