Quantum key agreement protocol based on BB84

Ping Wang, Rui Zhang, Zhiwei Sun

In this paper, we exhibit a practical quantum key agreement (QKA) protocol and give an analysis of its security. More precisely, we employ the hash function to prevent participants from cheating, so as to achieve the purpose of determining the key fairly by both participants. Our protocol is therefore computationally secure against internal attacks while still providing unconditional security against eavesdropping attacks. The quantum part of our protocol is similar to BB84, so it is simple to implement and has a wide range of applications.

Alharith A. Abdullah, Yasser H Jassem

Maria E. Sabani, Ilias Κ. Savvas, Dimitrios Poulakis +2 more

Youssouf Achouri, Rima Djellab, Khaled Hamouid

In Quantum Key Agreement (QKA) protocol, two or more participants agree to share a quantum key. Participants must meet the following conditions: (1) Can be toggled per participant. Important decisions are not made by individual participants. (2) Only participants can access the key, which is not viewable by non-participants while unauthorized acquisition of keys is impossible. Key agreement protocols are used to generate cryptographic keys in many modern applications such as IoT applications, healthcare systems, vehicle communications, intelligent networks, satellite communications, and cloud applications. To resist quantum attacks, several security protocols based on quantum physics principles have been proposed to address various security issues. The main goal of this research is to provide fundamental background information along with a detailed analysis of the theoretical aspects of QKA. The emphasis is particularly on various kinds of multiparty quantum key agreement protocols considering their design and effectiveness, with a specific spotlight on the utilization of the BB84 protocol.

Zhang Linxi, Changhua Zhu, Nan Zhao +1 more

G. Juárez Rangel, Carlos Latorre-Valdivia, Francisco Delgado

Abstract Quantum Key Agreement (QKA) is a current research topic within quantum cryptography where two or more parties collaboratively generate a shared secret key, commonly without individual full control of it. This work proposes a QKA method involving a third party other than the transmitter and receiver. Based on an initial BB84 procedure as in the EBB84 protocol, participants create an indefinite key, which becomes strong against multiple intercept-resend attacks. The process does not need decoy photons as in many other QKA protocols. Security improvements against eavesdropping are observed as compared with the BB84 protocol. The proposal could be designed to reach eavesdropping failure probabilities of 5 16 on average and fidelities lower than 1 4 for the modified state during the attack. The simplicity of the proposed protocol allows its implementation for more than two participants with current technology for the protection of information. Overall, it gives an understanding of the process used to share secured information between several parties without a previous agreement.