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Physical Review A

Observation of dynamic suppression of spontaneous emission in a strongly driven cavity

W. Lange, HERBERT WALTHER

Published Dec 1, 1993• 58 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report a Rydberg-atom experiment, demonstrating the dynamic suppression of spontaneous emission in a resonant microwave cavity driven by a resonant external field. If the Rabi frequency of the injected field is larger than the atomic and cavity line widths, the atoms almost completely decouple from the cavity mode due to suppressed field fluctuations at the sideband frequencies of the Mollow triplet. This was achieved with about 100 microwave photons in the cavity. The reduced decay rate is a consequence of non-Markovian dynamics induced by the finite cavity-response time.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.48.4551

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We report a Rydberg-atom experiment, demonstrating the dynamic suppression of spontaneous emission in a resonant microwave cavity driven by a resonant external field. If the Rabi frequency of the injected field is larger than the atomic and cavity line widths, the atoms almost completely decouple from the cavity mode due to suppressed field fluctuations at the sideband frequencies of the Mollow triplet. This was achieved with about 100 microwave photons in the cavity. The reduced decay rate is a consequence of non-Markovian dynamics induced by the finite cavity-response time.
We investigated the dynamically modified interaction between Rydberg atoms and a single mode of a microwave cavity driven by a strong external field.With a monochromatic injected field we observed dynamic suppression of spontaneous emission, when the intracavity Rabi frequency exceeds the cavity linewidth.We discuss a theoretical model using non-Markovian decay rates, which is in excellent agreement with experiment.When a bichromatic driving field is used, enhanced decay reappears in narrow resonance zones as the detunings and injected intensities are varied.These results are interpreted in terms of cavity-modified transitions between the Floquet states of a two-level atom.Striking aspects of these transitions are their small linewidth and an asymmetry between emission and absorption.
We present a theoretical treatment of the problem of a Rydberg atom near-resonantly coupled to a mode in a microwave cavity. We analyze the properties of cavity-induced spontaneous emission in the case of the cavity being driven by one or two near-resonant microwave fields. We find that the spontaneous emission of the atom can be turned off by one strong field (dynamical suppression) and that the addition of a second strong field can break this dynamical suppression and allow the atom to fluoresce in the presence of both fields. The analysis is cast both in a full master-equation treatment and in a Floquet treatment of an atom driven bichromatically in vacuum, the latter allowing for an interpretation of the full calculation. The calculations are performed in the intermediately strong coupling limit, in which both atomic and cavity dynamics must be considered.
The decay characteristics of two-state Rydberg atoms are investigated in a microwave cavity driven simultaneously by two strong rf fields. Tuning one of the driving fields leads to sharp resonances in the decay rate of the upper atomic level. Their width may become smaller than the cavity linewidth and transit time broadening. We present a theoretical model, interpreting the resonances as cavity-induced decay of Floquet states of the composite atom-field system. The observed phenomena arise from the interplay of cavity-modified Bloch-Siegert shifts and dynamic enhancement of spontaneous emission at single-photon and multiphoton resonances.
Enhanced two-photon decay has been observed for the first time in an electric dipole transition between two Rydberg levels coupled to a single mode of a strongly driven microwave cavity. This was achieved by dynamically suppressing the otherwise dominant single-photon decay. The experiment is compared with a dressed-state model which treats the external driving field exactly. Cavity-induced emission and absorption rates are calculated to fourth order in the interaction to include two-photon processes, and are found to fit the experimental data well.
The interaction between V-type atoms and a single mode of a microwave cavity is studied in the presence of a strong field driving the second transition of the atoms. With a monochromatic injected field, the ground and excited state populations are calculated analytically, and the dynamic suppression and enhancement of spontaneous emission into the cavity mode are demonstrated, which depend on the atom-driving field detuning and intracavity Rabi frequency, the latter being larger than the cavity damping rate. It is shown that the Autler-Townes doublet can be measured by monitoring the occupation of ground and excited states as a function of atom-cavity field detuning.