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Applied Physics Letters

Spatiotemporal quantum manipulation of traveling light: Quantum transport

Byoung Seung HAM

Published Mar 20, 2006• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A method of quantum transport between quantum nodes using stationary lights is presented. The quantum transport of a single photon or a quantum state from one node to another is performed by a slow light phenomenon, where the transport time and path between nodes are classically determined. With both no-mirror-cavity characteristics of the stationary light and propagation velocity control of the slow light, the quantum transport has potential applications in quantum information sciences such as type-II quantum computing and quantum communications.

DOI
10.1063/1.2188599

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A method of quantum transport between quantum nodes using stationary lights is presented. The quantum transport of a single photon or a quantum state from one node to another is performed by a slow light phenomenon, where the transport time and path between nodes are classically determined. With both no-mirror-cavity characteristics of the stationary light and propagation velocity control of the slow light, the quantum transport has potential applications in quantum information sciences such as type-II quantum computing and quantum communications.
We present a quantum manipulation of a traveling light pulse using electromagnetically induced transparency-based slow light phenomenon for the generation of two-color stationary light. We theoretically discuss the two-color stationary light for the quantum wavelength conversion process in terms of pulse area, energy transfer, and propagation directions. The condition of the two-color stationary light pulse generation has been found and the quantum light dynamics has been studied analytically in the adiabatic limit. The quantum frequency conversion rate of the traveling light is dependent on the spatial spreading of the two-color stationary light pulse and can be near unity in an optically dense medium for the optimal frequencies of the control laser fields.
Abstract Manipulation of quantum optical pulses, such as single photons or entangled photon pairs, enables numerous applications, from quantum communications and networking to enhanced sensing. Common methods to shape laser pulses based upon filtering or amplification cannot be employed with quantum light pulses as these approaches introduce detrimental loss and noise to the system. Here, methods to control and measure quantum light pulses based upon deterministic application of targeted phases in time and frequency domains are reviewed, along with recent demonstrations of quantum applications.
Slow light has received growing interest since 1999 when the propagation velocity of light was reduced in an experiment to 17 m/s, i.e. almost 20 million times slower than in vacuum. Two years later light pulses were stopped, or more specifically stored in an atomic medium and subsequently released after some time. This provided the basis for important applications in photon-based quantum information technology. The present chapter explains what slow light is and what it is good for, how to understand the physics of it and how one can practically make light go so slow. To answer these questions, the chapter uses simple pictures, on the one hand, and supplements them with a little bit of details, on the other hand, for those who want to go slightly deeper into the field. The chapter also discusses more recent generalizations of slow light, such as stationary and spinor slow light which are interesting model system and can be used to understand more complex quantum systems. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
The distribution of quantum information as well as the utilization of non-locality are at the heart of quantum networks, which show great promise for future applications like quantum communication, distributed quantum computing and quantum metrology. Their practical realization however is a formidable challenge. On the one hand, the state of the respective quantum system has to be under perfect control, ideally in all degrees of freedom. This requires low decoherence, i.e. minimal interaction with the environment. But at the same time, strong, tailored interactions are required to enable all envisioned processing tasks. In this respect, single atoms and photons are the ideal building blocks of a quantum network. Atoms can act as stationary nodes as they are long-lived and their interaction with the environment is weak, while their external and internal degree of freedom can precisely be controlled and manipulated. Photons can be transmitted over larger distances using existing fiber technology and do not mutually interact.
A hybrid quantum networks made of single-charged quantum dots and cavities, connected by fibers between cavity nodes, is illustrated. We show that how the state of quantum dot is manipulated by single photons, its functions in optical transport and phase control and thereafter its applications in quantum information transfer and entanglement generation. We give the dynamics of the system governed by the basic input-output equations for the cavity and single photons, and the corresponding numerical simulation.