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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Conversion of phase noise to intensity noise in electromagnetically induced transparency

Yanhong Xiao, Masha Baryakhtar, David F. Phillips, Ronald Lee Walsworth

Published Jan 20, 2010• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We report experimental study of laser phase noise to intensity noise conversion in electromagnetically induced transparency. In particular, we studied how various experimental parameters such as one and two-photon detunings and optical depth affect the intensity noise spectrum. Connection between the intensity noise level and the intensity cross correlation between the two EIT fields was also investigated.

DOI
10.1117/12.848658

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We report experimental study of laser phase noise to intensity noise conversion in electromagnetically induced transparency. In particular, we studied how various experimental parameters such as one and two-photon detunings and optical depth affect the intensity noise spectrum. Connection between the intensity noise level and the intensity cross correlation between the two EIT fields was also investigated.
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The quantum fluctuations of optical beams are highly correlated in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The intensity fluctuations are enhanced by conversion of phase noise to intensity noise in atomic vapour. We have studied spectra of intensity fluctuations in dense rubidium vapour for different laser beam powers. Observed excess noise spectrum is broader than EIT window at the same optical power. Both spectral widths are proportional to the laser beam intensity. By using signal subtraction scheme we can reduce amplitude of the fluctuations to close the photonic short noise level. This result confirms the high degrees of intensity correlations and can be used to improve quality of optical atomic clocks.
The phase noise of incident light fields can be converted into amplitude noise via absorption and dispersion effects in media under electromagnetically induced transparency. The conversion process is sensitive to two-photon detuning. This effect can be used to perform a novel type of Rydberg spectroscopy. We present experimental measurements of the phase noise spectrum (PNS) with Rydberg atoms in a cesium vapor cell. Furthermore, to explore microwave field measurements, a modulation-enhanced PNS approach is proposed.
It is known that cross correlation between the random intensity fluctuations of two lasers forming electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) exhibits a transition from correlation to anticorrelation. We study the linewidth behavior of this transition and have found the linewidth is below the (effective) coherence lifetime limit and is limited only by competing noises. We established a numerical model which reveals the linewidth dependence on laser linewidth and laser power. Our experiments using lasers with different linewidth showed results in qualitative agreement with the model. This result is useful for quantum optics using EIT and may also have applications in spectroscopy and precision measurements.
One of the important applications of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is to delay and store light in atomic ensembles. In this paper, the noise spectrum of the delayed quantum light throughout an EIT medium is investigated. With zero detection frequency, we can have minimum noise of delayed light in two-photon resonance of EIT, and the noise is larger than the minimum noise at off two-photon resonance due to the phase-to-amplitude noise conversion. It is shown that the noise for nonzero detection frequency can be suppressed by operating the system at off two-photon resonance, even when the unavoidable dephasing is included.