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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Observation and relaxation of the two-photon-excited trilevel echo in sodium vapor

T. J. Chen, D. DeBeer, Sven R. Hartmann

Published Apr 1, 1986• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A photon echo from the allowed 3D–3P transition in Na vapor is spontaneously emitted after a single-pulse one-photon excitation of the 3P state is followed by a single-pulse two-photon excitation of the 3D state. The collisional relaxation cross section of the excited 3D–3P superposition state of Na in Ar is measured.
DOI
10.1364/josab.3.000493

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Coherence relaxation in Na vapor was studied utilizing a pump-probe method with femtosecond pulses. The coherence was created by the pump pulse, which excited the Na atoms to the 4S state. The atoms were further excited to the 7P state by the probe pulse. As a result a coherent UV radiation was emitted by the atoms. This emission was used to study the relaxation of both the 4S-3S and 7P-3S coherent superpositions. The relaxation is mainly due to collisions with the Ar atoms serving as a buffer gas. Coherence relaxation times and collisional cross-sections for the Na-Ar collision pairs were extracted experimentally.
We report a new Doppler-free rephasing effect, the tri-level echo, which we use to study Ar-Na collisional relaxation of several $3^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}\ensuremath{-}n^{2}D_{\frac{3}{2}}$ superpositions in atomic Na. Three excitation pulses are required: The first resonantly excites a selected state, while the others resonantly couple this state with a higher-lying state. This sequence produces a delayed rephasing on the resonance transition which radiates strongly; the radiated intensity monitors relaxation in the higher-lying stepwise-excited state.