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Optics Letters

40 Gb/s, secure optical communication based upon fast reconfigurable time domain spectral phase en/decoding with 40 Gchip/s optical code and symbol overlapping

Zhensen Gao, Bo Dai, Xu Wang, Nobuyuki Kataoka, Naoya Wada

Published Nov 8, 2011• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 40 Gb/s secure optical communication system with on-off-keying (OOK) modulation format by using a time domain spectral phase en/decoding scheme, which employs a highly dispersive element and high-speed phase modulator for introducing significant symbol overlapping for both the encoded and incorrectly decoded noiselike signals to enhance the information security against eavesdropping using a power detector. The influence of dispersion and chip modulation rate on the symbol overlapping of the incorrectly decoded signal has been analytically investigated and experimentally verified. Security enhancement for 40 Gb/s OOK data using fast reconfigurable 40 Gchip/s optical codes with code lengths of up to 1024 has been demonstrated and compared with a 10 Gb/s system.

DOI
10.1364/ol.36.004326

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We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 40 Gb/s secure optical communication system with on-off-keying (OOK) modulation format by using a time domain spectral phase en/decoding scheme, which employs a highly dispersive element and high-speed phase modulator for introducing significant symbol overlapping for both the encoded and incorrectly decoded noiselike signals to enhance the information security against eavesdropping using a power detector. The influence of dispersion and chip modulation rate on the symbol overlapping of the incorrectly decoded signal has been analytically investigated and experimentally verified. Security enhancement for 40 Gb/s OOK data using fast reconfigurable 40 Gchip/s optical codes with code lengths of up to 1024 has been demonstrated and compared with a 10 Gb/s system.
Achieving high speed physical layer security is a constant pursuit but critical challenge for the information society. In this paper, a novel symbol-by-symbol optical phase encryption technique relying on ultra-long, reconfigurable optical phase patterns and commercial off-the-shelf dispersive components is proposed for high speed physical layer security. A record 40Gb/s secure optical communication system with symbol overlapped, optical phase encrypted differential-phase-shift-keying modulated signal is experimentally demonstrated based on the proposed technique. Security robustness against various eavesdropper's attacks has been validated for three optical codes with a chip rate of 40Gchip/s and variable code-length of 128-chip, 512-chip and 1024-chip, respectively. The demonstrated technique exhibits the advantages of supporting high bit rate operation and advanced optical modulation formats, improving code flexibility and cardinality, which makes it very promising for future ultra-fast secure optical communication.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a time-domain bit-by-bit code-shifting scheme that can rapidly program ultralong, code-length variable optical code by using only a dispersive element and a high-speed phase modulator for improving information security. The proposed scheme operates in the bit overlap regime and could eliminate the vulnerability of extracting the code by analyzing the fine structure of the time-domain spectral phase encoded signal. It is also intrinsically immune to eavesdropping via conventional power detection and differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) demodulation attacks. With this scheme, 10 Gbits/s of return-to-zero-DPSK data secured by bit-by-bit code shifting using up to 1024 chip optical code patterns have been transmitted over 49 km error free. The proposed scheme exhibits the potential for high-data-rate secure optical communication and to realize even one time pad.
We propose and demonstrate a novel bit-by-bit code scrambling technique based on time domain spectral phase encoding/decoding (SPE/SPD) scheme using only a single phase modulator to simultaneously generate and decode the code hopping sequence and DPSK data for secure optical communication application. In the experiment, 2.5-Gb/s DPSK data has been generated, decoded and securely transmitted over 34 km by scrambling five 8-chip, 20-Gchip/s Gold codes with prime-hop patterns. The proposed scheme can rapidly reconfigure the optical code hopping sequence bit-by-bit with the DPSK data, and thus it is very robust to conventional data rate energy detection and DPSK demodulation attack, exhibiting the potential to provide unconditional transmission security and realize even one-time pad.
In this paper, we review the recent advances and demonstrations of time domain pseudorandom optical phase encoding technology for high speed 40Gb/s OOK and DPSK secure optical communication systems. Bit-by-bit code shifting technique for enhancing the information security is proposed and demonstrated in different optical transmission systems with various bit rates and modulation formats. The potential application of the proposed techniques for high speed secure optical transmission systems is envisioned.
In this paper, we propose a novel synchronous time-domain spectral phase encoding/decoding (SPED) scheme for secured optical communication. The pulse generator generates short optical pulses at data-rate, the SPE consists of a pair of dispersive components with opposite dispersion values (+D and -D) to stretch/compress the optical pulse and a phase modulator (PM) or a hybrid intensity/phase modulator (IM/PM) for data and OC modulation. The spectral phase decoding (SPD) is similar to the SPE with a PM synchronously driven by OC (the complementary pattern of OC) at a repetition rate equal to the data-rate. The OCs thus can be rapidly reconfigured even bit-by-bit to enhance the system confidentiality.