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physica status solidi (b)

Remarks on Optical Nonlinearity and Bistability in Composite Media

G. Jungk

Published Dec 1, 1988• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Necessary conditions for intrinsic (without external feedback) bistability are discussed for the field‐intensity dependent dielectric function within the most simple homogeneous model. Some of the restrictions imposed in this way can be relaxed in composite media by local‐field corrections. The results are illustrated with stationary bistable reflectivities and transmissivities as function of the impinging light intensity.

DOI
10.1002/pssb.2221500221

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physica status solidi (b)•Dec 1, 1988•2 citations
Abstract Necessary conditions for intrinsic (without external feedback) bistability are discussed for the field‐intensity dependent dielectric function within the most simple homogeneous model. Some of the restrictions imposed in this way can be relaxed in composite media by local‐field corrections. The results are illustrated with stationary bistable reflectivities and transmissivities as function of the impinging light intensity.
Abstract Optically bistable behaviour is demonstrated for systems consisting of optically nonlinear microcrystallites embedded in an optically linear metal or dielectric. The most simple version of the local‐field correction serves as feedback mechanism thus avoiding external mirrors. The dielectric function for macroscopic samples is calculated with Garnett's effective medium theory. Numerical examples for the reflectivity and the transmissivity are given for an embedded dielectric with exciton‐like nonlinearity.
The mean-field approximation method is proposed to investigate the intrinsic optical bistability in nonlinear composite media, which consists of nonlinear metallic granules embedded in nonlinear dielectric host. The effect of nonlinear susceptibility on the bistable behavior is analyzed. It is found that nonlinear metallic granules and nonlinear host medium have different effects and the nonlinearity of metallic granules is more effective in minimizing the threshould value of the bistable behavior. We also investigate the effect of the shape factor of metallic granules on the threshold value.
We examine the nonlinear dielectric response of small spherical grains ϵ m embedded in a linear dielectric ϵ d . The models for the spherical grains are a Kerr medium1,2 and a two-level system.3 The expression for the dielectric function ϵ m is dependent of the grain size; in addition it also depends on the local electric field E L . This field is related to the external applied field E0 by the equation E L = (3ϵ d /ϵ m + 2ϵ d )E0. The steady-state equation for the averaged external field is ∇2E0 + (ω2/c2)ϵ*E0 = 0, where ω is the frequency of the field, ϵ* is the dielectric function from the effective medium approximation, and it is obtained from the self-consistency relation4 〈ϵ(r) − ϵ*/ϵ(r) + 2ϵ*〉 = 0; the angular brackets denote an average taken over the ensemble of dielectric spheres distributed in a small volume. Using the slowly varying-envelope approximation we solve these equations for a distribution of grain radii and the affect this has on the effective optical nonlinearities. In particular, we show its effect on the optical bistability for these composite systems.