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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Degradation of the electronic excitation of the4F3/2state of Nd3+ions in a γ-La2S3single crystal

A.A. Kamarzin, A. A. Mamedov, Valerii A Smirnov, Vladimir V. Sokolov, Ivan A Shcherbakov

Published Mar 31, 1983• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An investigation is made of processes of population and relaxation of the 4F3/2 neodymium upper active level in a γ-La2S3 semiconductor single crystal and the energy transfer microparameters are determined. Nonradiative transfer of energy from a continuous set of traps to the 4F3/2 upper active level of neodymium was observed when the sample was excited with λ = 0.53 μ radiation and cross relaxation from excited states located above the 4F3/2 upper active level was identified.

DOI
10.1070/qe1983v013n03abeh004156

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An investigation is made of processes of population and relaxation of the 4F3/2 neodymium upper active level in a γ-La2S3 semiconductor single crystal and the energy transfer microparameters are determined. Nonradiative transfer of energy from a continuous set of traps to the 4F3/2 upper active level of neodymium was observed when the sample was excited with λ = 0.53 μ radiation and cross relaxation from excited states located above the 4F3/2 upper active level was identified.
An experimental method was developed for the determination of the rate of relaxation of the 4I11/2 state and of the absorption cross section of the 4I11/2–4F3/2 transition. These parameters were deduced from the dependences of the intensity of the λ = 0.88 μ luminescence, excited as a result of the 4I11/2–4F3/2 transition by laser pulses of λ = 1.06 μ wavelength, on the energy density and duration of the laser pulses. Estimates of the relaxation time obtained for the investigated silicate (GLS-1) and phosphate (LGS-40, LGS-I) glasses, and also for a liquid based on POCl3-SnCl4, gave τ21 < 2 nsec. A considerable increase in the population of the 4I11/2 level occurred as a result of the Raman scattering of high-power coherent radiation by vibrations of the PO4 group.
An improved method was developed for determining the probability W21 of relaxation of the population of the 4I11/2 level of neodymium ions. The relationship between W21 degree of dumping, and parameters of the dumping pulses was obtained by solving the rate equations for the populations subject to an allowance for the Stark structure of the energy levels 4F3/2 and 4I11/2. At T=300°K the probability values were W21=108 sec−1 for Y3Al5O12:Nd3+ and W21=1.5×108 sec−1 for La2O2S:Nd3+. In the case of a BaGd2-xNdx(MoO4)4 crystal at 77°K the probability was W21=2.5×108 sec−1. The influence of Wn on the efficiency of utilization of the stored energy was found to depend on the energy gap between the lower Stark sublevel of the 4I11/2 level and the final sublevel in the stimulated transitions.
CsCdBr3 : Nd3+ crystals have been studied by laser selective excitation and time resolved spectroscopy. Due to the charge compensation resulting from the Nd3+ / Cd2+ substitution, the proportion of Nd3+ pairs is very large and does not follow the statistical laws. This proportion has been measured, its variation with concentration has been established and the effect of codoping with a monovalent metal observed. From a comparison between the properties of single ions and pairs, energy transfers have been analysed. De-excitation channels have been determined for some excited levels from the dynamics and the relative intensities of luminescence lines. An unusual behaviour, which can lead to applications, has been observed : the 4F3/2 luminescence of pairs if favoured with respect to that of single ions. This behaviour is well explained.
An analysis is made of the problem of kinetics of the superradiance decay in the case of nonlinear quenching of excited centers in four-level active media. A method is proposed for estimating the initial axial gain and of the stimulated emission cross sections of active media: it is based on a simultaneous analysis of the normalized superradiant flux and integrated population of the active medium. The proposed method is not sensitive to nonlinear quenching. A qualitative analysis is made of the decay of excitation in neodymium pentaphosphate crystals after pulsed excitation with laser radiation of the 0.538 μ wavelength and stimulated emission cross sections are estimated for the 4 F 3/2 → 4 I 11/2 transition in Nd 3+ resulting in lasing at 1.051 μ and at some other wavelengths of this transition.