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Acta Physica Sinica

Localization of the relative positions of two atoms in the presence of optical feedback

Cheng Gui-Ping, Zheng Jun, Wenwu Deng, Gao‐xiang Li, 华中师范大学物理科学与技术学院,武汉 430079

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have investigated the localization of the two atoms passing through a standing wave in an optical cavity by measuring the field quadrature. It was found that the localization of the two atoms can be better preserved in the absence of the damping of cavity. If the damping of cavity is taken into account, the compromise of atomic-position localization resulting from the damping of cavity can be decreased by feeding back into the cavity part of the output signal.

DOI
10.7498/aps.57.212

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We have investigated the localization of the two atoms passing through a standing wave in an optical cavity by measuring the field quadrature. It was found that the localization of the two atoms can be better preserved in the absence of the damping of cavity. If the damping of cavity is taken into account, the compromise of atomic-position localization resulting from the damping of cavity can be decreased by feeding back into the cavity part of the output signal.
The localization of a two-level atom placed in an optical cavity containing a standing wave is investigated,and the single atomic-position can be well-localized by the way of quadrature-field measurement. According to the Rayleigh limit when two two-level atoms are put in the cavity,it is difficult to distinguish between the two atoms if they are very close to each other.Also,the two atoms can be still well-distinguished by quadrature-field measurement.However,if the cavity damping is taken into account, the two-atom relative position localization will be damaged.The larger damping rate of the cavity become, the worse the two-atom relative position localization will be.
Coherent interaction of an atom with a position-dependent standing-wave cavity field can impart position information of a moving atom through the cavity leading to subwavelength atom localization. We show that the position of the atom along the standing-wave field is determined when the probe-field absorption is measured. We find out that absorption of the weak probe field at a certain frequency leads to subwavelength localization of the atom in either of the two half-wavelength regions of the cavity field by appropriate choice of the system parameters. In addition, we demonstrate that the position information of a three-level V-shaped moving atom strongly depends on the relative phase of applied fields. By appropriate choice of the relative phase, it is shown that the scheme can be used for localizing an atom flying through the standing-wave field to the sub-half-wavelength domain.
We consider atoms traversing a cavity filled with an optical field. When the atoms are well detuned from the optical resonance the output momentum distribution of the atoms is found to be a sensitive probe of the photon statistics of the light field. Near resonance spontaneous emission smears the diffractive peaks. We obtain a good fit to the experimental data of Gould et at. (1991). As the atoms pass through the optical field they impart a position-dependent phase shift to the field. By making a quadrature phase measurement on the optical field a position measurement of the atom is achieved. We show that it is possible to prepare the atom in a 'contractive state' which beats the standard quantum limit for position measurements.