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Revista Mexicana de Física

Espacios de probabilidad en la mecánica cuántica

Alejandro Medina

Published May 10, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

THIS WORK CONTAINSAN ANALYSIS OF SOME OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES UNDERLAYING THE CONSTRUTION OF OPERATORS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS. FACH OPERATOR IS ASSOCIATED TO A PROJECTION OPERATOR AND THESE PROJECTION OPERATORS ARE SHOWS TO FULFIL A SET OF PROPERTIES FORMALLY INDENTICAL TO THOSE OF A PROBABILITY FIELD.IT IS SHOWN THAT, BY THE INTRODUCTION OFA MEASURE IN CONFIGURATION SPACE IT IS POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN COMPLETE SETS OF COMMUTING OBSERVABLES HAVING, WITHIN LIMITS, PREASIGNED SPECTRA. THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW OPERATORS BY CONSIDERATION OF THE GROUPS EXPRESSING THE SYMMETRIES OF THE SYSTEM, IS DISCUSSED.

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THIS WORK CONTAINSAN ANALYSIS OF SOME OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES UNDERLAYING THE CONSTRUTION OF OPERATORS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS. FACH OPERATOR IS ASSOCIATED TO A PROJECTION OPERATOR AND THESE PROJECTION OPERATORS ARE SHOWS TO FULFIL A SET OF PROPERTIES FORMALLY INDENTICAL TO THOSE OF A PROBABILITY FIELD.IT IS SHOWN THAT, BY THE INTRODUCTION OFA MEASURE IN CONFIGURATION SPACE IT IS POSSIBLE TO OBTAIN COMPLETE SETS OF COMMUTING OBSERVABLES HAVING, WITHIN LIMITS, PREASIGNED SPECTRA. THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW OPERATORS BY CONSIDERATION OF THE GROUPS EXPRESSING THE SYMMETRIES OF THE SYSTEM, IS DISCUSSED.
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An analysis of some of the fundamental principles underlaying the construction of operators in quantum mechanics is given. Each operator is associated to a projection operator and these projection operators are shown to fulfill a set of properties formally identical to those of a probability field. It is shown that, by the introduction of a measure in configuration space it is possible to obtain complete sets of commuting observables having, within limits, preassigned spectra. The introduction of new operators by consideration of the groups expressing the symmetries of the system, is discussed. (auth)
In the quantum probability theory the 6-field of random events is replaoed by the lattice of orthogonal projectors in a separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space H.A countably additive function from this lattices to the unit interval constitutes a state, the non-commutative analogue of a probability measure.The Theorem of Gleason [4] asserts that every state is of the form n--tr jtT, where jt runs over all projectors and T is a probability operator on H, i.e. a positive linear operator of unit trace.Conversely, every probability operator determines a state by the Gleason formula.From now onwards let S stand for the set of all states, i.e. all probability operators on H.We shall dienote by the space of-? ell nuclear linear operators acting in H with the norm jjïj|.j= tr{TT*) 1 ^2.Of coarse S is e closed and convex subset Of TyIn quantum theory to every physical quantity or observable th^re corresponds e sslf»adjoint not necessarily bounded linear operator on Hs By 0 ws shall denote the set of all obt ;ry£bles-Given he-0 f tac pi'cb^ivility distribution of A at the etato T is defined for ail Eoi'oi subsets E of the real