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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Electromagnetically induced narrow linewidths of optical resonators

Matthias A. Müller, G. Muller, Andreas Wicht, R.-H. Rinkleff, K. Danzmann

Published Nov 27, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. We present our work on the modified properties of an optical resonator that contains an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium. Transparency and steep index of refraction are utilized to reduce the linewidth of the cavity. The influence of the relative intensities of the laser fields is studied, and the results are in good agreement with computer simulations. The linewidth of an optical cavity depends on the phase shift accumulated by the light wave during one round trip. A transparent medium with very strong dispersion causes a very rapidly varying phase shift and would have a remarkable effect on the linewidth of the cavity.

DOI
10.1109/iqec.1998.680008

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Summary form only given. We present our work on the modified properties of an optical resonator that contains an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium. Transparency and steep index of refraction are utilized to reduce the linewidth of the cavity. The influence of the relative intensities of the laser fields is studied, and the results are in good agreement with computer simulations. The linewidth of an optical cavity depends on the phase shift accumulated by the light wave during one round trip. A transparent medium with very strong dispersion causes a very rapidly varying phase shift and would have a remarkable effect on the linewidth of the cavity.
Atomic media inside an optical cavity can significantly alter the spectral response of the cavity. Both theoretical and experimental examinations are made of the cavity transmission with a highly dispersive intracavity multilevel atomic medium. It is found, owing to the reduced absorption and steep dispersion change accompanying electromagnetically induced transparency in such a multi-level atomic medium, that the cavity linewidth can be made much narrower than the empty cavity linewidth. Cavity linewidth narrowing is measured as a function of both the coupling beam power and the atomic density. These experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
The effect of intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) on the properties of optical resonators and active laser devices is discussed theoretically. Pronounced frequency pulling and cavity-linewidth narrowing are predicted. The EIT effect can be used to reduce classical and quantum-phase noise of the beat note of an optical oscillator substantially. Fundamental limits of this stabilization mechanism as well as its potential application to high-resolution spectroscopy are discussed.
Linear absorption and dispersion properties, as well as Kerr nonlinear index, of three-level atomic systems can be greatly modified under the condition of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). By placing such EIT atoms in a vapor cell inside an optical ring cavity, the cavity transmission spectrum can be altered and controlled. We show that the cavity transmission linewidth can be narrowed substantially comparing to the empty cavity linewidth due to the sharp normal (linear) dispersion associated with the EIT resonance (which can be considered as photons traveling with a slower speed inside the optical cavity). On the other hand, the Kerr nonlinear dispersion has the opposite slope comparing to the linear dispersion near the EIT resonance, which can be used to balance the linear dispersion and lead to total anomalous dispersion for the intracavity atomic medium (with ``superluminal photon speed'' inside the optical cavity). Such anomalous dispersion in the intracavity medium makes the cavity transmission linewidth broader than the empty cavity linewidth. Under certain parameters, the so called ``white-light cavity'' condition can be satisfied, which makes the cavity transmission linewidth very broad and, at the same time, have high cavity transmission. Such modified and controlled cavity transmission linewidths can have many interesting applications in frequency locking, cavity ring-down spectroscopy, nonlinear optical spectroscopy, cavity-QED, and even recycling cavity of the gravitational-wave detector.
We derive an analytic expression for the linewidth of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in a Doppler-broadened system. It is shown here that for relatively low intensity of the driving field the EIT linewidth is proportional to the square root of intensity and is independent of the Doppler width, similar to the laser-induced line narrowing effect described by Feld and Javan. In the limit of high intensity we recover the usual power-broadening case where the EIT linewidth is proportional to the intensity and inversely proportional to the Doppler width.
We present an optical resonator with modified properties due to a nonabsorbing highly dispersive medium. The steep nonabsorbing dispersion is created with an additional pump field in an atomic beam using the effect of coherent population trapping. The linewidth of such a resonator depends on the slope of the dispersion line, which in turn depends on the atomic density and the intensity of pump and probe field. In the experiments presented here, the cavity linewidth is reduced by a factor of more than 50 relative to the linewidth of the empty resonator. We have studied the influence of the relative intensities of pump and probe field on the line profile. Due to the dispersion of the medium, the resonance frequency is nearly independent of the geometrical length of the resonator.