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Optical Fiber Communication Conference

Room temperature spectral hole-burning in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

A.K. Srivastava, J.L. Zyskind, James W. Sulhoff, J. D. Evankow, M.A. Mills

Published Jan 1, 1996• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given. In this paper we report the first room temperature measurements of spectral hole-burning depths and widths of an Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The alumino-germano-silicate EDFA was pumped at 1480 nm and had a small signal gain of 25 dB at 1551 nm. Spectral gain measurements were carried out in the range 1535-1570 nm using a lock-in technique and spectral subtraction for accurate determination of SHB properties.

DOI
10.1109/ofc.1996.907616

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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters•Jun 18, 2010•9 citations
Summary form only given. In this paper we report the first room temperature measurements of spectral hole-burning depths and widths of an Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The alumino-germano-silicate EDFA was pumped at 1480 nm and had a small signal gain of 25 dB at 1551 nm. Spectral gain measurements were carried out in the range 1535-1570 nm using a lock-in technique and spectral subtraction for accurate determination of SHB properties.
The gain saturation characteristics of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, which are of importance for applications in optical fiber communications, will depend strongly on the relative importance of homogeneous and inhomogeneous saturation. We have recently reported low temperature spectral hole burning measurements in an erbium-doped fiber with an alumino-silicate core1. From these measurements the homogeneous linewidth was determined to be 11.5 nm. This is consistent with the homogeneous gain saturation observed for alumino-silicate fibers.2 For erbium-doped fibers with GeO2:SiO2 cores, on the other hand, inhomogeneous saturation effects have been reported.3
Spectral hole burning (SHB) effects in a gain-flattened erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are demonstrated to be significant in the presence of large signal power around the 1530-1532-nm wavelength range. These are the first effects reported in a setup employing equivalent power level distribution of 40 channels ranging from 1530 to 1561 nm. To explain this, the introduction of a new local population variable into the laser equation is required to support the original inversion ratio that is determined by the pump lasers. In the analysis section, spectroscopic parameters and high signal powers are considered to be other contributing parameters to the change in the gain characteristics. An improvement to this theoretical basis is suggested by implementing mathematical modeling to validate similarities between the gain shape of simulation to that obtained in the experiment.
Gain-difference spectra are used to show that 980-nm band pump wavelength changes can significantly effect spectral-hole burning (SHB) in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). Gain measurements made using a number of different signal and pump wavelengths help to characterize the underlying inhomogeneous spectral properties of EDFAs and a framework for modeling these effects is presented. Despite the difficulty of obtaining the needed subpopulation specific cross section spectra, this model can be used to explain seemingly anomalous changes in the gain spectra of EDFA as a result of changes in signal or pump wavelength.