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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Coherent optical driving of electron transition for realization of amplification without inversion at gamma-ray transition

Olga A. Kocharovskaya, Yuri V. Rostovtsev

Published Nov 27, 2002• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Summary form only given.In principal, one could use microwave driving of hyperfine or Zeeman sublevels of the nuclear levels. But the large difference in the frequencies of the driven and amplifying transitions leads to a number of difficulties, which could be essentially reduced in case of optical driving. However the absence of optical transitions in the structure of nuclear levels does not allow direct driving of nuclear transitions by laser radiation. We show that coherent optical driving of the electronic transitions can provide amplification without inversion (AWI) at gamma-ray nuclear transition in cases when the structure of the electronic levels is essentially modified by excitation of nucleus.

DOI
10.1109/iqec.1998.680299

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Summary form only given.In principal, one could use microwave driving of hyperfine or Zeeman sublevels of the nuclear levels. But the large difference in the frequencies of the driven and amplifying transitions leads to a number of difficulties, which could be essentially reduced in case of optical driving. However the absence of optical transitions in the structure of nuclear levels does not allow direct driving of nuclear transitions by laser radiation. We show that coherent optical driving of the electronic transitions can provide amplification without inversion (AWI) at gamma-ray nuclear transition in cases when the structure of the electronic levels is essentially modified by excitation of nucleus.
The direct interaction between nuclei and strong electromagnetic fields generated by novel coherent x-ray light sources such as the x-ray free electron laser is studied. We investigate the case of various stable or long-lived isotopes with energetically low-lying excited states, where the laser drives the nuclear transition from the ground to the first excited state. We therefore consider the nucleus as a two-level system including the corresponding hyperfine levels in our theoretical description. The performance of present and upcoming x-ray free electron laser facilities in coherently controlling the nuclear excited state population is analyzed for setups involving both solid state as well as accelerated nuclear targets to bridge the gap between photon and transition frequency. Current and predicted laser parameters are applied to calculate excited state populations and signal photon rates of nuclei after a radiation pulse, finding significant improvements compared to former calculations. Furthermore, we determine the parameters necessary to transfer substantial amounts of the nuclear ground state population to the excited state, and therefore to bring nuclear Rabi-oscillation within reach. Additionally, we take into account for the first time collective effects that take place in solid state targets and show that they may provide a significant effect in broadening natural linewidths of nuclear levels depending on the experimental setup. Our findings support the case of nuclear quantum optics for XFEL applications. Therefore, one hopes that eventually coherent control of nuclear transitions can be successfully applied in a number of areas in nuclear physics including preparation, control and detection methods.
We show that amplification without inversion (AWI) can be realized with two coherent driving lasers in a four-level atom. With the help of quantum-jump theory, two transition processes are found to contribute to the absorption or gain behaviour. It is explicitly shown that an asymmetry between the three-photon stimulated emission and the single-photon absorption process leads to AWI. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that AWI can occur in this model with or without quantum interference. The origin of AWI without interference is explained by introducing weights for dressed-state transitions. The asymmetry between the weights for a dressed-state transition in absorption and its counterpart in emission leads to the possibility of AWI.
Summary form only given. Recently, it was predicted that laser radiation can be used to manipulate very efficiently nuclear transitions at gamma-ray energies in solids. It results in both drastic qualitative and strong qualitative modifications of the Mossbauer spectra under the action of coherent optical radiation. The solid sample represents a host matrix where high densities of the ions are embedded by doping. The ions should possess both Mossbauer gamma-ray and optical electronic transitions favorable for the desired effects to be observed. Basically one needs Mossbauer-active ions with strong and sharp optical lines. The latter condition is typically satisfied for rare-earth and transition-metal ions in crystalline hosts and, remarkably, the majority of them are also Mossbauer-active.
Summary form only given. Recently, it was predicted that laser radiation can be used to manipulate very efficiently nuclear transitions at gamma-ray energies in solids. It results in both drastic qualitative and strong qualitative modifications of the Mossbauer spectra under the action of coherent optical radiation. The solid sample represents a host matrix where high densities of the ions are embedded by doping. The ions should possess both Mossbauer gamma-ray and optical electronic transitions favorable for the desired effects to be observed. Basically one needs Mossbauer-active ions with strong and sharp optical lines. The latter condition is typically satisfied for rare-earth and transition-metal ions in crystalline hosts and, remarkably, the majority of them are also Mossbauer-active.