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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Ultraslow light propagation in an erbium-ions-doped crystal

Kamel Bencheikh, E. Baldit, Vincent Rouget, P. Monnier, Juan Ariel Levenson

Published Dec 10, 2005• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Slow light propagation results from the large dispersion of the refraction index. We report on such effect obtained by coherent population oscillations in an erbium doped crystal, corresponding to a group velocity of 3 m/s.
DOI
10.1109/qels.2005.1548734

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Slowlight propagation results fromthelarge dispersion oftherefraction index. We report onsucheffect obtained bycoherent population oscillations inanErbium doped crystal, corresponding toagroup velocity of3m/s. ©2005 Optical Society ofAmerica ICIScodes: (020.1670) Coherent optical effects; (300.6320) Spectroscopy, high-resolution; (160.5690) Rareearth doped materials.

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In this article we report on ultraslow or fast light propagation, exciting behavior that become achievable thanks to the Coherent Population Oscillations effect (CPO). We show that the group velocity, the speed at which light propagates, can be drastically modified and engineered using the CPO effect in a crystal doped with triply ionized erbium ions, namely: Er 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 . The steep dispersion of the index of refraction caused by the CPO effect is at the origin of group velocities as low as v g = 3 m / s . By inverting the slope of the index dispersion, we can make, in the same crystal, light go faster than if it was propagating in vacuum. This particular regime is characterized by larger than c or negative group velocities. In the 3-mm-long Er 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal, we have achieved a delay of − 0.2 ms corresponding to a group velocity of v g = − 15 m / s .
We show that coherent population oscillations effect allows us to burn a narrow spectral hole (26 Hz) within the homogeneous absorption line of the optical transition of an erbium ion-doped crystal. The large dispersion of the index of refraction associated with this hole permits us to achieve a group velocity as low as 2.7 m/s with a transmission of 40%. We especially benefit from the inhomogeneous absorption broadening of the ions to tune both the transmission coefficient, from 40% to 90%, and the light group velocity from 2.7 m/s to 100 m/s.
We perform a study of extremely slow pulse propagation speed in densely-doped erbium fibers by using a detuned signal. A quantum coherence effect, coherent population oscillations, produces a very narrow spectral "hole" in the homogeneous broadened absorption profile of the erbium-doped fiber. The resulting rapid spectral variation of the refractive index leads to a large value of the group index. The interparticle interaction between the nearest neighboring active particles due to the high density of erbium ions is considered. The result shows that the nonlinear refractive index can be greatly increased which leads to the smaller group velocity and the larger time delay.