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Microscopic atom optics: from wires to an atom chip

R. Folman, P. Krüger, Jörg Schmiedmayer +2 more

We give a comprehensive overview of the development of micro traps, from the first experiments on guiding atoms using current carrying wires in the early 1990's to the creation of a BEC on an atom chip.

arXiv:0805.2613May 16, 20085 citations

Atom chips

R. Folman, P. Krüger, Donatella Cassettari +3 more

We report on the experimental realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip. Our main results are: (a) Trap parameters with a transverse ground state size below 100 nm and frequencies of above 100 kHz (as required by QIP proposals) have been achieved. (b) We could trap and guide atoms exclusively with the fields created on the chip. (c) We have shown that a wide variety of magnetic potentials may be realised, such as quadrupole fields for a MOT, 3D minima for trapping, 2D minima for guiding, and beam splitters. (d) It has been shown that standard nanofabrication techniques and materials may he utilised to build these atom chips. The wires on the surface can stand sufficiently high current densities in vacuum and at room temperature.We report on the experimental realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip. Our main results are: (a) Trap parameters with a transverse ground state size below 100 nm and frequencies of above 100 kHz (as required by QIP proposals) have been achieved. (b) We could trap and guide atoms exclusively with the fields created on the chip. (c) We have shown that a wide variety of magnetic potentials may be realised, such as quadrupole fields for a MOT, 3D minima for trapping, 2D minima for guiding, and beam splitters. (d) It has been shown that standard nanofabrication techniques and materials may he utilised to build these atom chips. The wires on the surface can stand sufficiently high current densities in vacuum and at room temperature.

Jan 1, 20001 citation

Detecting magnetically guided atoms with an optical cavity

Albrecht Haase, Björn Hessmo, Jörg Schmiedmayer

We show that a low-finesse cavity can be efficient for detecting neutral atoms. The low finesse can be compensated for by decreasing the mode waist of the cavity. We have used a near-concentric resonator with a beam waist of 12 microm and a finesse of only 1100 to detect magnetically guided Rb atoms with a detection sensitivity of 0.1 atom in the mode volume. For future experiments on single-atom detection and cavity QED applications, it should be beneficial to use miniaturized optical resonators integrated on atom chips.We show that a low-finesse cavity can be efficient for detecting neutral atoms. The low finesse can be compensated for by decreasing the mode waist of the cavity. We have used a near-concentric resonator with a beam waist of 12 microm and a finesse of only 1100 to detect magnetically guided Rb atoms with a detection sensitivity of 0.1 atom in the mode volume. For future experiments on single-atom detection and cavity QED applications, it should be beneficial to use miniaturized optical resonators integrated on atom chips.

arXiv:physics/0510166Optics LettersJan 15, 200638 citations

Trapping neutral atoms with a wire

Albrecht Haase, Donatella Cassettari, Björn Hessmo +1 more

Simple and versatile traps for neutral atoms can be built using the magnetic potentials created by a current-carrying wire and a homogeneous bias field. These traps exhibit favorable scaling properties and can achieve parameters required for Bose-Einstein condensation traps at very low power consumption.

Physical Review ASep 13, 200132 citations

Possibility of single-atom detection on a chip

Péter Horák, Bruce G. Klappauf, Albrecht Haase +4 more

We investigate the optical detection of single atoms held in a microscopic atom trap close to a surface. Laser light is guided by optical fibers or optical microstructures via the atom to a photodetector. Our results suggest that with present-day technology microcavities can be built around the atom with sufficiently high finesse to permit unambiguous detection of a single atom in the trap with $10\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ of integration. We compare resonant and nonresonant detection schemes and discuss the requirements for detecting an atom without causing it to undergo spontaneous emission.We investigate the optical detection of single atoms held in a microscopic atom trap close to a surface. Laser light is guided by optical fibers or optical microstructures via the atom to a photodetector. Our results suggest that with present-day technology microcavities can be built around the atom with sufficiently high finesse to permit unambiguous detection of a single atom in the trap with $10\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ of integration. We compare resonant and nonresonant detection schemes and discuss the requirements for detecting an atom without causing it to undergo spontaneous emission.

arXiv:quant-ph/0210090Physical Review AApr 11, 2003105 citations

Loading, guiding, and manipulating neutral atoms in atom chip magnetic traps

David C. Aveline, Robert J. Thompson, Nathan E. Lundblad +3 more

We describe a method of efficiently loading and manipulating neutral atoms in atom chip traps. Cooled87Rb from a MOT is transported via coil-based magnetic traps into chip-based wire traps and precisely directed in wire-guides.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-OpticsJan 1, 20060 citations

Microcavities on atom chips for single-atom detection

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Microcavities on atom chips for single-atom detection

Abstract

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