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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Slow-light four-wave mixing at low light intensities

Hoonsoo Kang, Gessler Hernandez, Yifu Zhu

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report an experimental study of slow light diffraction from a resonant nonlinear grating in cold Rb atoms. Alternatively, the diffracted light can be viewed as generated from an EIT enhanced six-wave mixing process.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2004.ima5

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Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a four-level atomic system suppresses linear absorption and leads to resonantly enhanced slow-light four-wave mixing at low light intensities. We analyse the backward four-wave mixing in the four-level system under the EIT conditions, derive the four-wave-mixing efficiency and discuss slow-light propagation conditions. We present experimental measurements of resonant four-wave mixing with the backward scheme in cold Rb atoms and compare the experimental results with the theoretical calculations.
Both long-lived coherences and coherent population oscillations result in dramatic enhancement of a Kerr nonlinearity in atomic media at very low intensity of resonant light. We demonstrate the possibility of separating the contributions from these effects under certain experimental conditions. We report a study of the nonlinear optical properties of atomic media under a variety of experimental conditions at low light intensity, paying particular attention to self-focussing, diffraction and quasi-degenerate wave mixing.
We observed electromagnetically induced transparency-based four-wave mixing (FWM) in the pulsed regime at low light levels. The FWM conversion efficiency of 3.8(9)3.8(9)%3.8(9) was observed in a four-level system of cold 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms using a driving laser pulse with a peak intensity of $\ensuremath{\approx}80$ $\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{W}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$, corresponding to an energy of $\ensuremath{\approx}60$ photons per atomic cross section. Comparison between the experimental data and the theoretical predictions proposed by Harris and Hau [Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4611 (1999)] showed good agreement. Additionally, a high conversion efficiency of 46(2)46(2)%46(2) was demonstrated when applying this scheme using a driving laser intensity of $\ensuremath{\approx}1.8$ mW/cm2\mathrm{mW}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}mW/cm2. According to our theoretical predictions, this FWM scheme can achieve a conversion efficiency of nearly 100100%100 when using a dense medium with an optical depth of 500.