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Springer series in optical sciences/SPringer series in optical sciences

Spectral and Laser Characteristics of Activated Crystals

Alexander A. Kaminskii

Published Jan 1, 1981• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-540-34838-2_2

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We present a quantum theory of the parametric self-conversion of the laser radiation frequency in active nonlinear crystals with a regular domain structure. Such crystals feature simultaneous lasing and quasi-phase-matched parametric conversion of the laser radiation frequency. These processes are described using the Heisenberg-Langevin equations in two regimes of the subharmonic generation: super-and subthreshold. The spectral properties of the quadrature components of the laser frequency and its subharmonic and the photon statistics have been studied as dependent on the pump power, crystal length, and reflectance of the laser cavity output mirror. Using the obtained analytical expressions, these characteristics are calculated for a active nonlinear Nd:Mg:LiNbO 3 crystal with a regular domain structure. In the subthreshold regime, the maximum decrease in the spectral density of fluctuations in the subharmonic quadrature component relative to the standard quantum limit may reach 90%; in the above-threshold regime, these fluctuations are virtually not suppressed. A decrease in the spectral density of fluctuations of the laser frequency quadrature does not exceed 10%. In the subthreshold excitation regime, the subharmonic photons obey a super-Poisson statistics; in the above-threshold regime, the photon statistics is Poisson-like.
The characteristics of stimulated Raman scattering in benzene and carbon disulfide introduced in pores of globular photonic crystals—opal matrices formed from close-packed balls (globules) of amorphous quartz (silica)—have been experimentally studied. Stimulated Raman scattering spectra have been excited by giant pulses of the second optical harmonic (532 nm) of a YAG laser. The spectra have been recorded in the direction of mirror reflection from the (111) growth surface of a globular photonic crystal at various angles of incidence (10°–70°) of laser radiation. It has been shown that the threshold of stimulated Raman scattering decreases sharply (by more than an order of magnitude) at a certain angle of mirror reflection and additional Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman satellites appear in the spectrum. The observed sharp decrease in the threshold of stimulated Raman scattering has been explained by an increase in the spectral density of the electromagnetic field in the surface region of the photonic crystal because of the approach of the spectral position of the stopband of the photonic crystal to the exciting line (532 nm) under variation of the angle of incidence of pump radiation on the (111) surface.