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Chinese Optics Letters

Coherence of a squeezed sodium atom laser generated from Raman output coupling

贺慧勇 Huiyong He, 黄春佳 Chunjia Huang

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The coherence of a squeezed sodium atom laser generated from a Raman output coupler, in which the sodium atoms in Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) interact with two light beams consisting of a weaker squeezed coherent probe light and a stronger classical coupling light, is investigated.The results show that in the case of a large mean number of BEC atoms and a weaker probe light field, the atom laser is antibunching, and this atom laser is second-order coherent if the number of BEC atoms in traps is large enough.

DOI
10.3788/col20090706.0455

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The squeezing properties of light field in the process preparing Raman-type atom laser via stimulated Raman transition of the Sodium atom Bose-Einstein condensate(BEC) interacting with two light beams,a weaker squeezed coherent probe light and a stronger classical pump light,are studied.The results show that the squeezed coherent probe light can be periodically squeezed.The squeezing period of the probe light is related to the mean number of atoms in trap,the strength of interaction between squeezed light and BEC atoms,and the detuning of the light,and the squeezing depth is determined by the initial squeezing factor of the probe light.
A model for the squeezed output coupler of the trapped Bose-Einstein condensed atoms is established with a simple many-boson system of two states with linear coupling, by preparing an initially squeezed light field. In the Bogoliubov approximation, its solutions show that the quadrature squeezing effect mutually oscillates between the coupling light field and the output atomic field. This manifests that the initially squeezed light will transform into a coherent state after some period of coupling interaction while the output atomic field is in a squeezed state.
A continuous-wave atom laser formed by the outcoupling of atoms from a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) potentially has a range of metrological applications. However, in order for the device to be truly continuous, a mechanism to replenish the atoms in the BEC is required. Here we calculate the temporal coherence properties of a continuously pumped atom laser beam outcoupled from a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate that is replenished from a reservoir at finite temperature. We find that the thermal fluctuations of the condensate can significantly decrease the temporal coherence of the output beam due to atomic interactions between the trapped BEC and the beam, and this can impact the metrological usefulness of the device. We demonstrate that a Raman outcoupling scheme imparting a sufficient momentum kick to the atom laser beam can lead to a significantly reduced linewidth.
We present a mean-field model of a continuous-wave atom laser with Raman output coupling. The noncondensate is pumped at a fixed input rate which, in turn, pumps the condensate through a two-body scattering process obeying the Fermi golden rule. The gas is then coupled out by a Gaussian beam from the system, and the temperature and particle number are self-consistently evaluated against equilibrium constraints. We observe the dependence of the second-order coherence of the output upon the width of the output-coupling beam, and note that even in the presence of a highly coherent trapped gas, perfect coherence of the output matter wave is not guaranteed.