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Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements

Josephson voltage standard cryoelectronic circuits in Nb/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//Nb technology operating at low drive frequencies

G. Wende, Ludwig Fritzsch, Heiner Kohler, Frank Thrum, H.‐G. Meyer

Published Dec 23, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new type of cryoelectronic microwave circuits in Nb/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//Nb technology for the generation of frequency-scaled Josephson voltages is presented. The circuits consist of superconducting microstripline resonators with series arrays of Josephson tunnel junctions located on the rf current antinodes. The circuits are designed to obtain highly accurate Josephson voltages at low rf power levels and low drive frequencies. At present, we have observed Josephson voltages up to 0.66 V in a resonator circuit with 1456 junctions.

DOI
10.1109/cpem.1996.547041

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A new type of cryoelectronic microwave circuits in Nb/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3//Nb technology for the generation of frequency-scaled Josephson voltages is presented. The circuits consist of superconducting microstripline resonators with series arrays of Josephson tunnel junctions located on the rf current antinodes. The circuits are designed to obtain highly accurate Josephson voltages at low rf power levels and low drive frequencies. At present, we have observed Josephson voltages up to 0.66 V in a resonator circuit with 1456 junctions.
A resonant type of cryoelectronic microwave circuit for the generation of frequency-scaled Josephson voltages is presented. The circuits consist of superconducting microstripline resonators with series arrays of Josephson tunnel junctions located on the microwave current antinodes. This microwave design was chosen to obtain highly accurate Josephson voltages at low microwave power levels and low drive frequencies. The resonator circuits have been fabricated in both niobium-lead and all-niobium technology. At present, we have observed long-term stable Josephson voltages up to 0.75 V for niobium-lead circuits with 1320 junctions and 0.66 V for all-niobium circuits with 1456 junctions, respectively.
A new type of microwave circuit for the generation of frequency-scaled voltages is investigated. The circuit is designed as a superconducting microstrip line resonator and series arrays of Josephson tunnel junctions located within the rf current antinodes. The circuits are designed to obtain highly accurate voltages at low rf power level and low frequencies of about 10 GHz. For a resonator circuit with 432 junctions driven at about 10 GHz we have observed steps up to 0.25 V, the lifetime of which is about 20 minutes.>
We have investigated a new type of microwave circuit for the generation of frequency-scaled Josephson voltages useful for the representation of highly accurate reference voltages. The circuit consists of a superconducting microstrip resonator and series arrays of Josephson junctions integrated within its rf current antinodes. The circuit is designed to operate at low frequencies of about 10 GHz to simplify the microwave techniques. At a resonator circuit with four Josephson junctions driven at 10.9 GHz we have obtained stable overlapping Shapiro steps up to 4.6 mV at a step width of about 70 µA. A more advanced double-resonator circuit with altogether 216 junctions allows to generate scaled reference voltages up to 0.16 V at steps of about 25 µA in width and at a microwave frequency of 11.1 GHz.
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We present a new type of microwave circuits for Josephson voltage standards. Coplanar strips (CPS) are used instead of microstriplines or coplanar waveguides (CPW) to integrate the Josephson junctions in a microwave transmission line. Compared to microstripline and CPW circuits the CPS design doubles the scale of integration and simplifies the fabrication technology. Well-operating 10 V circuits in CPS design with 17,000 SIS junctions and 1 V SINIS circuits were tested in a new cryoprobe. In this cryoprobe a low loss dielectric waveguide consisting of a teflon strip is used for the microwave transmission in the 70 GHz frequency range. The dielectric waveguide together with a fibreglass-reinforced plastic supporting tube reduces the contribution of the cryoprobe to the liquid helium boil-off rate drastically. This paper was presented at the 8th International Superconductive Electronics Conference, Osaka, Japan, 19–22 June 2001.