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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Four-wave mixing in phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering

Qihuang Gong, Zongju Xia, Jia-Sun Yang

Published Feb 1, 1986• 0 citations
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Abstract

We have prepared several phase plates to observe phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering in carbon disulfide in the usual way. One of the plates was specially made, lightly ground by fine emery. Its spatial Fourier spectrum shows a very bright spot in the center of the speckle pattern, which means that the light beam that passed through this plate consisted of a strong plane wave component and many weak random components. This is different from the phase plate in phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering given in earlier papers,1 but, using only this special plate, we have successfully obtained phase conjugation.

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We have prepared several phase plates to observe phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering in carbon disulfide in the usual way. One of the plates was specially made, lightly ground by fine emery. Its spatial Fourier spectrum shows a very bright spot in the center of the speckle pattern, which means that the light beam that passed through this plate consisted of a strong plane wave component and many weak random components. This is different from the phase plate in phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering given in earlier papers,1 but, using only this special plate, we have successfully obtained phase conjugation.
The results of an experimental investigation of a new geometry for producing phase conjugation by Brillouin-enhanced four-wave mixing are presented. In this geometry, the four-wave mixing medium is carbon disulfide, and the backward-going pump wave is created from the transmitted forward-going pump wave by stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in glycerol. The two pump waves are hence phase conjugates of each other, and the quality of the phase-conjugation process is not degraded even by the use of an aberrated pump wave. The probe wave is created by SBS in carbon disulfide, which has a Brillouin frequency half that of glycerol, and the conjugate wave is therefore generated at the same frequency as the probe. Since the pump and signal waves differ in frequency by the Brillouin frequency of the carbon disulfide four-wave mixing medium, high reflectivities (approximately 2000%) are obtained as a result of Brillouin resonance enhancement.
Optical phase conjugation by stimulated Brillouin scattering, excited by an inhomogeneous light field with a self-focusing strong component, has been investigated. The conjugation fraction \ensuremath{\eta} depends on the intensity ratio \ensuremath{\sigma} of the strong component to the total pump light, attaining a maximum at a certain value of \ensuremath{\sigma}. Theoretical analysis shows that a four-wave-mixing process is involved in its physical mechanism. By taking into account the effect of self-focusing, a fair agreement with experiments is obtained.
We review the history and nature of stimulated scattering of optical beams and of the large phase-conjugate component often observed in stimulated backscattering, whether it be of Raman, Brillouin, Rayleigh, or other origin. We review the theory of the magnitude of the phase-conjugate component in stimulated backscattering of waves in a multimode optical guide (the usual experimental configuration) or in free focus. Wide applicability of stimulated backscattering for optical phase conjugation is found.