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AIP conference proceedings

Realization of quantum non-demolition measurement of nuclear spin 1∕2 of cold ytterbium atom

T. Takano, Ryo Namiki, Yoshiro Takahashi, Alexander I. Lvovsky

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have demonstrated a quantum non‐demolition (QND) measurement with a collective spin of cold ytterbium atoms (171Yb) via Faraday rotation interaction, and have observed 1.8−1.5+2.4 dB spin squeezing. Since 171Yb atoms have only a nuclear spin of one‐half in the ground state, the system constitutes the simplest spin ensemble and is thus robust against decoherence. Furthermore, we have considered the atomic quantum swapping gate as a quantum information device using multiple Faraday rotation interactions, and have found that we can realize the quantum‐domain performance for a realistic experimental condition.

DOI
10.1063/1.3131336

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We have demonstrated a quantum non‐demolition (QND) measurement with a collective spin of cold ytterbium atoms (171Yb) via Faraday rotation interaction, and have observed 1.8−1.5+2.4 dB spin squeezing. Since 171Yb atoms have only a nuclear spin of one‐half in the ground state, the system constitutes the simplest spin ensemble and is thus robust against decoherence. Furthermore, we have considered the atomic quantum swapping gate as a quantum information device using multiple Faraday rotation interactions, and have found that we can realize the quantum‐domain performance for a realistic experimental condition.
In order to establish an applicable system for advanced quantum information processing based on the interaction between light and atoms, we have demonstrated a quantum nondemolition measurement with a collective spin of cold ytterbium atoms (171Yb), and have observed 1.8(-1.5)+2.4 dB spin squeezing. Since 171Yb atoms have only a nuclear spin of one-half in the ground state, the system constitutes the simplest spin ensemble and is thus robust against decoherence. We used very short pulses with a width of 100 ns, and as a result the interaction time became much shorter than the decoherence time, which is important for multistep quantum information processing.
Planar squeezed states, i.e. quantum states which are squeezed in two orthogonal spin components, have recently attracted attention due to their applications in atomic interferometry and quantum information (He et al 2012 New J. Phys. 14 093012). While canonical variables such as quadratures of the radiation field can be squeezed in at most one component, simultaneous squeezing in two orthogonal spin components can be achieved due to the angular momentum commutation relations. We present a novel scheme for planar squeezing via quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements in spin-1 systems. The QND measurement is achieved via near-resonant paramagnetic Faraday rotation probing, and the planar squeezing is obtained by sequential QND measurement of two orthogonal spin components. We compute the achievable squeezing for a variety of optical depths, initial conditions and probing strategies. The planar squeezed states generated in this way contain entanglement detectable by spin-squeezing inequalities and give an advantage relative to non-squeezed states for any precession phase angle, a benefit for single-shot and high-bandwidth magnetometry.
We demonstrate spin squeezing and entanglement in a large-spin system via quantum non-demolition measurement. We make non-destructive, projection-noise-limited collective spin measurements on an ensemble of up to in 8.4 × 105 laser-cooled 87Rb atoms in the f = 1 hyperfine ground state. A dynamically-decoupled probing scheme [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 093602 (2010)] prevents probe-induced decoherence. Repeated measurements show correlations beyond the standard quantum limit, indicating generation of a spin-squeezed state with up to −3.6 dB of noise reduction and −2.6 dB of metrologically-relevant squeezing.