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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Effect of tunneling resonances on the paramagnetism of an optical lattice

Georg A. Raithel, Boon-Keng Kevin Teo, Jeffrey R. Guest

Published Nov 13, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We measure periodic modulations of the magnetization and the lifetime of atoms trapped in an optical lattice versus an applied B-field. The observations show that tunneling resonances can influence the macroscopic steady-state parameters in optical lattices.
DOI
10.1109/qels.2001.962244

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The magnetization and lifetimes of atoms in gray optical lattices exhibit modulations as functions of an applied B field that are attributed to tunneling resonances between neighboring lattice wells. Expanding on previous observations, we show how these modulations depend on well depth, and we derive spin temperatures for the system. A band-structure-based model and quantum Monte Carlo wave-function simulations are used to explain these results. We predict subrecoil structures in the velocity distributions; these structures undergo systematic variations when the applied magnetic field is varied. Dramatically different behaviors for bosonic and fermionic spin systems are found and explained.
We study magnetic field-induced modifications of the well-to-well tunneling behavior of atoms in a one-dimensional grey optical lattice. Measurements of the tunneling frequency as a function of the applied magnetic field reveal several tunneling resonances. We further show that the tunneling signal can be suppressed by randomly varying the symmetry of the potential wells. The tunneling is suppressed most effectively if the autocorrelation time of the lattice-well variation is on the order of the tunneling time. Experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement.
Summary form only given. The AC-Stark shift of a set of interfering laser beams together with the Zeeman interaction with external magnetic fields provide flexible mechanisms for coherently controlling atomic wave packets. When detuned far from atomic resonance, these optical lattices can trap cold atoms with minimal dissipation and thus provide an ideal environment for observing quantum coherent phenomena. We consider a one dimensional lattice of double wells produced by counterpropagating linearly polarized laser beams and a static magnetic field transverse to the laser wave vectors.